year 23, Issue 89 (3-2024)
J. Med. Plants 2024, 23(89): 32-46 |
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Shirooie S, Jasemi S K, Babaei G, Morovati M R, Ghanbari-Movahed M, Barzegar S et al . Naringenin may prevent morphine-induced tolerance via inhibiting glycogen synthase kinase-3beta activity in mice. J. Med. Plants 2024; 23 (89) :32-46
URL: http://jmp.ir/article-1-3653-en.html
URL: http://jmp.ir/article-1-3653-en.html
Samira Shirooie1 
, Seyed Kimia Jasemi2 , Golale Babaei2 , Mohammad Reza Morovati3 , Maryam Ghanbari-Movahed1 , Saman Barzegar2 , Mohammad Hosein Farzaei * 4
, Seyed Kimia Jasemi2 , Golale Babaei2 , Mohammad Reza Morovati3 , Maryam Ghanbari-Movahed1 , Saman Barzegar2 , Mohammad Hosein Farzaei * 4
1- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
2- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
3- Persian Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
4- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran ,mh_farzaei@kums.ac.ir
2- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
3- Persian Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
4- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran ,
Abstract: (376 Views)
Background: Opioids are essential for pain treatment, but their long-term usage results in tolerance. Naringenin, a natural flavonoid found in fruit, inhibits the enzyme that causes opioid tolerance, making it effective in treating neurodegenerative diseases. Objective: In this study, we evaluate the role of naringenin in morphine-induced tolerance and the glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3β) enzyme. Methods: To induce tolerance to morphine in mice, repeated injections of morphine were performed for five days, and on the fifth day, a single dose of morphine was injected intraperitoneally. Pain tests (hot plate and tail flick) were performed on the first, third, and fifth days of injections. To evaluate the impact of naringenin, 45 minutes before each morphine injection, doses of 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg were administrated orally. On the last day, brain tissues were checked for biochemical factors and changes in the phosphorylation of the enzyme by the immunohistochemical method. Results: The results indicated that the simultaneous use of naringenin significantly increases the analgesia delay compared to the morphine group (P < 0.001) on the third and fifth days. Naringenin at all concentrations decreased the nitrite level caused by morphine. It showed protective effects on morphine tolerance (P < 0.001) in the p-GSSer640 immunohistochemical assay and reduced the phosphorylation of p-GSSer640 by GSK-3β, activated by chronic morphine administration. Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, the beneficial effect of naringenin on the GSK enzyme in morphine-induced tolerance is confirmed, but more studies are needed to investigate its impact mechanism.
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Pharmacognosy & Pharmaceutics
Received: 2024/04/14 | Accepted: 2024/07/6 | Published: 2024/09/11
Received: 2024/04/14 | Accepted: 2024/07/6 | Published: 2024/09/11
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