year 19, Issue 74 (6-2020)
J. Med. Plants 2020, 19(74): 73-83 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Sheikhi S, Khamesipour A, Radjabian T, Mojallal Tabatabaei Z, Ghazanfari T. Effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra and glycyrrhizic acid on promastigote and amastigote of Leishmania major (MRHO/IR/75/ER). J. Med. Plants 2020; 19 (74) :73-83
URL: http://jmp.ir/article-1-2234-en.html
URL: http://jmp.ir/article-1-2234-en.html
Shima Sheikhi1 
, Ali Khamesipour2 , Tayebeh Radjabian3 , Zahra Mojallal Tabatabaei4 , Tooba Ghazanfari * 5
, Ali Khamesipour2 , Tayebeh Radjabian3 , Zahra Mojallal Tabatabaei4 , Tooba Ghazanfari * 5
1- Department of Immunology, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
2- Center for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
4- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Department of Biochemistry, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
5- Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran , tghazanfari@yahoo.com
2- Center for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
4- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Department of Biochemistry, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
5- Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran , tghazanfari@yahoo.com
Abstract: (2832 Views)
Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis by different species of Leishmania. Pentavalen antimonials as a first line drug for treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis have several limitations and side effects. Natural products are more considered due to their less toxicity and cost, more efficient, safety and readily available antileishmania agents. Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) roots and its main component glycyrrhizic acid on promastigote and amastigote of L. major. Methods: Different dosages of hydroalcoholic extract of licorice root, glycyrrhizic acid and Glucantime with promastigote of L. major were incubated at 26 °C for 24 and 48 hours then the percentages of alive promastigotes were measured by MTT assay. The antiamastigote effects of these drugs was examined by microscopic counting of the number of amastigotes in macrophages 24 hours after treating the parasite infected macrophages with them. Promastigote and infected macrophages without any treatment was used as negative controls. Results: The IC50 values of hydroalcoholic extracts of licorice root, glycyrrhizic acid and Glucantime on promastigote of L. major was 1250 ± 0.018, 3000 ± 0.017 and 50 ± 0.043 μg/ml after 24 hours, and 1000 ± 0.016, 3000 ± 0.017 and 25 ± 0.009 μg/ml after 48 hours, respectively. The IC50 values of the licorice root extract, glycyrrhizic acid and Glucantime on amostigate was 500, 1000 and 25 μg/ml, respectively. Conclusion: Hydroalcoholic extract of licorice root and glycyrrhizic acid had cytotoxic effects on promastigotes and amastigotes of L. major.
Keywords: Glycyrrhiza glabra, Glycyrrhizic acid, In vitro, Leishmania major, Promastigote, Amastigote
Type of Study: Short Communication |
Subject:
Medicinal Plants
Received: 2018/08/11 | Accepted: 2018/11/26 | Published: 2020/07/21
Received: 2018/08/11 | Accepted: 2018/11/26 | Published: 2020/07/21
References
1. Desjeux P. Leishmaniasis: public health aspects and control. Clinics in Dermatol. 1996;14 (5): 417-23. [DOI:10.1016/0738-081X(96)00057-0]
2. Ashford R and Desjeux P. Estimation of population at risk of infection and number of cases of leishmaniasis. Parasitology Today 1992 ;8 (3): 104-5. [DOI:10.1016/0169-4758(92)90249-2]
3. Murray HW, Berman JD, Davies CR and Saravia NG. Advances in leishmaniasis. The Lancet 2005; 366 (9496): 1561-77. [DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67629-5]
4. Saha P, Mukhopadhyay D and Chatterjee M. Immunomodulation by chemotherapeutic agents against leishmaniasis. International Immunopharmacol. 2011; 11 (11): 1668-79. [DOI:10.1016/j.intimp.2011.08.002]
5. Croft SL and Yardley V. Chemotherapy of leishmaniasis. Current Pharmaceutical Design. 2002; 8 (4): 319-42. [DOI:10.2174/1381612023396258]
6. Croft SL, Sundar S and Fairlamb AH. Drug resistance in leishmaniasis. Clinical Microbiol. Reviews 2006; 19 (1): 111-26. [DOI:10.1128/CMR.19.1.111-126.2006]
7. Oryan A. Plant-derived compounds in treatment of leishmaniasis. IJVR. 2015; 16 (1): 1.
8. Nezamabadi N, Rahimian MH, Zand E and Alizadeh H. Investigation of some ecophysiological aspects of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) rhizomes. JAEP. 2007; 74 (2): 45-61.
9. Khanahmadi M. and et al. A review on medicinal plant of Glycyrrhiza glabra L. J. Med. Plants 2013; 2 (46): 1-12.
10. Damle M. Glycyrrhiza glabra (Liquorice)-a potent medicinal herb. International Journal of Herbal Medicine 2014; 2 (2): 132-6.
11. Kaur R, Kaur H and Dhindsa AS. Glycyrrhiza glabra: a phytopharmacological review. IJPSR. 2013; 4 (7): 2470.
12. Bahmani M, Rafieian-Kopaei M, Jeloudari M, Eftekhari Z, Delfan B, Zargaran A, et al. A review ofthe health effects and uses of drugs of plant licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) in Iran. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease 2014; 4 (2): 847-9. [DOI:10.1016/S2222-1808(14)60742-8]
13. Asl MN and Hosseinzadeh H. Review of pharmacological effects of Glycyrrhiza sp. and its bioactive compounds. Phytotherapy Res. 2008; 22 (6): 709-24. [DOI:10.1002/ptr.2362]
14. Varsha S, Agrawal R and Sonam P. Phytochemical screening and determination of anti-bacterial and anti-oxidant potential of Glycyrrhiza glabra root extracts. JERAD. 2013; 7 (4A): 1552.
15. Pompei R, Flore O, Marccialis MA, Pani A and Loddo B. Glycyrrhizic acid inhibits virus growth and inactivates virus particles. Nature 1979; 281 (5733): 689. [DOI:10.1038/281689a0]
16. Sheela M, Ramakrishna M and Salimath BP. Angiogenic and proliferative effectsof the cytokine vegf in ehrlich ascites tumor cells is inhibited by Glycyrrhiza glabra. International Immunopharmacol. 2006; 6 (3): 494-8. [DOI:10.1016/j.intimp.2005.07.002]
17. Bordbar N, Karimi MH and Amirghofran Z. The effect of glycyrrhizin on maturation and t cell stimulating activity ofdendritic cells. Cellular Immunol. 2012; 280 (1): 44-9. [DOI:10.1016/j.cellimm.2012.11.013]
18. Chen M, Zhai L, Christensen SB, Theander TG and Kharazmi A. Inhibition of fumarate reductase in Leishmania major and L. donovani by chalcones. AAC. 2001; 45 (7): 2023. [DOI:10.1128/AAC.45.7.2023-2029.2001]
19. Chen M, Theander TG, Christensen SB, Hviid L, Zhai L and Kharazmi A. Licochalcone a, a new antimalarial agent, inhibits in vitro growth of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum and protects mice from p. yoelii infection. AAC. 1994; 38 (7): 1470-5. [DOI:10.1128/AAC.38.7.1470]
20. Christensen SB, Ming C, Andersen L, Hjørne U, Olsen CE, Cornett C and et al. An antileishmanial chalcone from chinese licorice roots. Planta Medica 1994; 60 (02): 121-3. [DOI:10.1055/s-2006-959431]
21. Bhattacharjee S, Bhattacharjee A, Majumder S, Majumdar SB and Majumdar S. Glycyrrhizic acid suppresses cox-2-mediated anti-inflammatory responses during Leishmania donovani infection. J. Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 2012; 67 (8): 1905-14. [DOI:10.1093/jac/dks159]
22. Hosseini A, Jaffary F, Asghari GR, Hejazi SH and Bidabadi LS. In vitro effects of turmeric and licorice total extracts on L. major promastigotes. I.U.M.S. 2012; 29 (169): 2541-51.
23. Chen M, Christensen SB, Blom J, Lemmich E, Nadelmann L, Fich K and et al. Licochalcone A, a novel antiparasitic agent with potent activity against human pathogenic protozoan species of Leishmania. AAC. 1993; 37 (12): 2550-6. [DOI:10.1128/AAC.37.12.2550]
24. Chen M, Christensen S, Theander TG and Kharazmi A. Antileishmanial activity of licochalcone A in mice infected with Leishmania major and in hamsters infected with Leishmania donovani. AAC. 1994; 38 (6): 1339-44. [DOI:10.1128/AAC.38.6.1339]
25. Bhattacharjee A, Majumder S, Majumdar SB, Choudhuri SK, Roy S and Majumdar S. Co-administration of glycyrrhizic acid with the antileishmanial drug sodium antimony gluconate (SAG) cures SAG-resistant visceral leishmaniasis. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents. 2015; 45 (3): 268-77. [DOI:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2014.10.023]
26. McClure CD, Nolan LL and et al. Herb extracts as potential antiprotozoal agents. International Symposium on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants 1995; 426 (10): 91-104. [DOI:10.17660/ActaHortic.1996.426.10]
27. Sangian H, Faramarzi H, Yazdinezhad A, Mousavi SJ, Zamani Z, Noubarani M and et al. Antiplasmodial activity of ethanolic extracts of some selected medicinal plants from the northwest of Iran. Parasitology Res. 2013; 112 (11): 3697-701. [DOI:10.1007/s00436-013-3555-4]
28. Kumada H. Long-term treatment of chronic hepatitis C with glycyrrhizin [stronger neo-minophagen C (SNMC)] for preventing liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncol. 2002; 62 (1): 94-100. [DOI:10.1159/000048283]
29. Hirabayashi K, Iwata S, Matsumoto H, Mori T, Shibata S, Baba M and et al. Antiviral activities of glycyrrhizin and its modified compounds against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) in vitro. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin. 1991; 39 (1): 112-5. [DOI:10.1248/cpb.39.112]
30. Su X, Chen H and Wang L. Clinical and laboratory observation on the effect of glycyrrhizin in acute and chronic viral hepatitis. J. Traditional Chinese Medicice 1984; 4 (2): 127-32.
Send email to the article author
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
