year 23, Issue 92 (11-2024)
J. Med. Plants 2024, 23(92): 23-45 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Hajiaghaee R, Ghafarzadegan R, Yekefallah M, Nokhbe Zaeem F, Khakpour A. The efficacy of 95% pure portable oxygen enhanced with essential Oils: A comprehensive review of oxygen and aromatherapy. J. Med. Plants 2024; 23 (92) :23-45
URL: http://jmp.ir/article-1-3779-en.html
URL: http://jmp.ir/article-1-3779-en.html
Reza Hajiaghaee *1 
, Reza Ghafarzadegan2 , Milad Yekefallah2 , Farzin Nokhbe Zaeem3 , Alireza Khakpour3
, Reza Ghafarzadegan2 , Milad Yekefallah2 , Farzin Nokhbe Zaeem3 , Alireza Khakpour3
1- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran , hajiaghaee@imp.ac.ir
2- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran
3- Soheil Gas Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran
3- Soheil Gas Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Abstract: (113 Views)
This review article explored the significance of 95% oxygen supplementation, particularly in recreational and therapeutic contexts. It explores the physiological advantages of oxygen, particularly in conjunction with natural essential oils like Lavandula angustifolia, Boswellia carterii, Mentha piperita, Eucalyptus globulus, Citrus paradisi, Salvia rosmarinus, and Citrus sinensis. The article highlights the possible benefits of oxygen supplementation for physical performance, recuperation, and general well-being by synthesizing evidence from several research and publications. The implications for athletes, wellness enthusiasts, and individuals seeking enhanced recovery are discussed, along with the recommendations for future research. Furthermore, the review addresses the practical applications of portable oxygen in urban environments, where air quality may be compromised. By considering the holistic benefits of oxygen and essential oils, this article aimed to provide a comprehensive understanding of their role to promote health and wellness.
Type of Study: Review |
Subject:
Pharmacognosy & Pharmaceutics
Received: 2024/11/16 | Accepted: 2025/01/27 | Published: 2024/11/30
Received: 2024/11/16 | Accepted: 2025/01/27 | Published: 2024/11/30
References
1. Cardinale DA, Larsen FJ, Lännerström J, Manselin T, Södergård O, Mijwel S, Lindholm P, Ekblom B and Boushel R. Influence of hyperoxic-supplemented high-intensity interval training on hemotological and muscle mitochondrial adaptations in trained cyclists Front. Physiol. 2019; 10: 730. [DOI:10.3389/fphys.2019.00730]
2. Nybo L and Rasmussen P. Inadequate cerebral oxygen delivery and central fatigue during strenuous exercise. ESSR. 2007; 35(3): 110-118. [DOI:10.1097/jes.0b013e3180a031ec]
3. Etheredge C, Judge LW and Bellar DM. The effects of a personal oxygen supplement on performance, recovery, and cognitive function during and after exhaustive exercise. JSCR. 2014; 28(5): 1255-1262. [DOI:10.1519/JSC.0000000000000371]
4. Bannister RG and Cunningham DJC. The effects on the respiration and performance during exercise of adding oxygen to the inspired air. J. Physiol. 1954; 125(1): 118. [DOI:10.1113/jphysiol.1954.sp005145]
5. Suchý J, Heller J and Bunc V. The effect of inhaling concentrated Oxygen on Performance during repeated anaerbic exercise. Biol. Sport. 2010; 27(3). [DOI:10.5604/20831862.919335]
6. González-Alonso J and Calbet JAL. Reductions in systemic and skeletal muscle blood flow and oxygen delivery limit maximal aerobic capacity in humans. Circulation. 2003; 107(6): 824-830. [DOI:10.1161/01.CIR.0000049746.29175.3F]
7. Wilber RL, Holm PL, Morris DM, Dallam GM, Subudhi AW, Murray DM and Callan SD. Effect of FIO2 on oxidative stress during interval training at moderate altitude. MSSE. 2004; 36(11): 1888-1894. [DOI:10.1249/01.MSS.0000145442.25016.DD]
8. Stellingwerff T, Glazier L, Watt MJ, LeBlanc PJ, Heigenhauser GJ and Spriet LL. Effects of hyperoxia on skeletal muscle carbohydrate metabolism during transient and steady-state exercise. J. Appl. Physiol. 2005; 98(1): 250-256. [DOI:10.1152/japplphysiol.00897.2004]
9. Maeda T and Yasukouchi A. Blood lactate disappearance during breathing hyperoxic gas after exercise in two different physical fitness groups-On the work load fixed at 130% AT. AHS. 1998; 17(2): 33-40. [DOI:10.2114/jpa.17.33]
10. Maeda T and Yasukouchi A. Blood lactate disappearance during breathing hyperoxic gas after exercise in two different physical fitness groups-on the work load fixed at 70% VO2max. AHS. 1997; 16(6): 249-255. [DOI:10.2114/jpa.16.249]
11. Segizbaeva MO and Aleksandrova NP. Effects of oxygen breathing on inspiratory muscle fatigue during resistive load in cycling men. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 2009; 60(Suppl 5): 111-115.
12. Buchheit M, Kuitunen S, Voss SC, Williams BK, Mendez-Villanueva A and Bourdon PC. Physiological strain associated with high-intensity hypoxic intervals in highly trained young runners. NSCA & Str. and Cond. 2012; 26(1): 94-105. [DOI:10.1519/JSC.0b013e3182184fcb]
13. Dempsey J, Hanson PG and Henderson KS. Exercise‐induced arterial hypoxaemia in healthy human subjects at sea level. J. Physiol. 1984; 355(1): 161-175. [DOI:10.1113/jphysiol.1984.sp015412]
14. Boushel R, Ara I, Gnaiger E, Helge J, González‐Alonso J, Munck‐Andersen T, Sondergaard H, Damsgaard R, Van Hall G, Saltin B and Calbet JAL. Low‐intensity training increases peak arm VO2 by enhancing both convective and diffusive O2 delivery. Acta Physiol. 2014; 211(1): 122-134. [DOI:10.1111/apha.12258]
15. Deborah A, Keith S and George M. Physiological effects of exercise, continuing education in anaesthesia, critical care & pain. BJA Edu. 2004; 4(6): 185-188. [DOI:10.1093/bjaceaccp/mkh050]
16. Haque WA, Boehmer J, Clemson BS, Leuenberger UA, Silber DH and Sinoway LI. Hemodynamic effects of supplemental oxygen administration in congestive heart failure. JACC. 1996; 27(2): 353-357. [DOI:10.1016/0735-1097(95)00474-2]
17. Garrod R, Paul EA and Wedzicha JA. Supplemental oxygen during pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with COPD with exercise hypoxaemia. Thorax. 2000; 55(7): 539-543. [DOI:10.1136/thorax.55.7.539]
18. Woorons X and Richalet JP. Modelling the relationships between arterial oxygen saturation, exercise intensity and the level of aerobic performance in acute hypoxia. J. Appl. Physiol. 2021; 121: 1993-2003. [DOI:10.1007/s00421-021-04667-8]
19. Joyner MJ and Coyle EF. Endurance exercise performance: the physiology of champions. Physiol. J. 2007; 586(1): 35-44. [DOI:10.1113/jphysiol.2007.143834]
20. O'Driscoll B, Howard L, Earis J and Mak V. British thoracic society guideline for oxygen use in adults in healthcare and emergency settings. BMJ Open Respir. Res. 2017; 4(1): e000170. [DOI:10.1136/bmjresp-2016-000170]
21. Nielsen HB, Boushel R, Madsen P and Secher NH. Cerebral desaturation during exercise reversed by O2 supplementation. AJP. 1999; 277(3): H1045-H1052. [DOI:10.1152/ajpheart.1999.277.3.H1045]
22. Scholey A, Moss M, Neave N and Wesnes K. Cognitive performance, hyperoxia, and heart rate following oxygen administration in healthy young adults. Physiol. Behav 1999; 67(5): 783-789. [DOI:10.1016/S0031-9384(99)00183-3]
23. White J, Dawson B, Landers G, Croft K and Peeling P. Effect of supplemental oxygen on post-exercise inflammatory response and oxidative stress Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. 2013; 113: 1059-1067. [DOI:10.1007/s00421-012-2521-7]
24. Oussaidene K, Prieur F, Bougault V, Borel B, Matran R and Mucci P. Cerebral oxygenation during hyperoxia-induced increase in exercise tolerance for untrained men. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. 2013; 113(8): 2047-2056. [DOI:10.1007/s00421-013-2637-4]
25. Bassett DR and Howley ET. Limiting factors for maximum oxygen uptake and determinants of endurance performance. MSSE. 2000; 32(1): 70-84. [DOI:10.1097/00005768-200001000-00012]
26. Hauser A, Zinner C, Born D-P, Wehrlin JP and Sperlich B. Does hyperoxic recovery during cross-country skiing team sprints enhance performance? Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 2014; 46(4): 787-794. [DOI:10.1249/MSS.0000000000000157]
27. Gupta AS. Hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers: current state-of-the-art and novel molecules. Shock. 2019; 52(1S Supp. 1): 70-83. [DOI:10.1097/SHK.0000000000001009]
28. Mach WJ, Thimmesch AR, Pierce JT and Pierce JD. Consequences of hyperoxia and the toxicity of oxygen in the lung. Nurs. Res. Pract. 2011; 2011(1): 260482. [DOI:10.1155/2011/260482]
29. Mallette MM, Stewart DG and Cheung SS. The effects of hyperoxia on sea-level exercise performance, training, and recovery: a meta-analysis. Sports Med. 2018; 48: 153-175. [DOI:10.1007/s40279-017-0791-2]
30. Arora A and Hasan MMF. Flexible oxygen concentrators for medical applications. Sci. Rep. 2021; 11(1): 14317. [DOI:10.1038/s41598-021-93796-3]
31. Zinner C and Sperlich B. Effects of hyperoxic training on human performance. Dtsch. Z. Sportmed. 2019; 70(5): 123-128. [DOI:10.5960/dzsm.2019.380]
32. Sperlich B, Zinner C, Krüger M, Wegrzyk J, Mester J and Holmberg HC. Ergogenic effect of hyperoxic recovery in elite swimmers performing high‐intensity intervals. Scand. J. Med. Sci. Sports 2011; 21(6): e421-e429. [DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0838.2011.01349.x]
33. Young RW. Hyperoxia: a review of the risks and benefits in adult cardiac surgery. JECT. 2012; 44(4): 241-249. [DOI:10.1051/ject/201244241]
34. Yokoi Y, Yanagihashi R, Morishita K, Goto N, Fujiwara T and Abe K. Recovery effects of repeated exposures to normobaric hyperoxia on local muscle fatigue. JSCR. 2014; 28(8): 2173-2179. [DOI:10.1519/JSC.0000000000000386]
35. Cherouveim ED, Miliotis PG, Koskolou MD, Dipla K, Vrabas IS and Geladas ND. The effect of skeletal muscle oxygenation on hemodynamics, cerebral oxygenation and activation, and exercise performance during incremental exercise to exhaustion in male cyclists. Biol. 2023; 12(7): 981. [DOI:10.3390/biology12070981]
36. Akomolafe OO, Olorunsogo T, Anyanwu EC, Osasona F, Ogugua JO and Daraojimba OH. Air quality and public health: A review of urban pollution sources and mitigation measures. ESTJ. 2024; 5(2): 259-271. [DOI:10.51594/estj.v5i2.751]
37. Baptista-Silva S, Borges S, Ramos OL, Pintado M and Sarmento B. The progress of essential oils as potential therapeutic agents: A review. J. Essent. Oil Res. 2020; 32(4): 279-295. [DOI:10.1080/10412905.2020.1746698]
38. Babcock GT. How oxygen is activated and reduced in respiration. PNAS. 1999; 96(23): 12971-12973. [DOI:10.1073/pnas.96.23.12971]
39. Heydari F, Ghafarzadegan R, Mofasseri M, Ghasemi S, Kashefi M, Hajiaghaee R and Tavakoli S. Phytochemical analysis and biological activities of essential oil and extract of Phlomis rigida Labill. J. Med. Plants. 2021; 20(80): 13-22. [DOI:10.52547/jmp.20.80.13]
40. Köteles F, Babulka P, Szemerszky R, Dömötör Z and Boros S. Inhaled peppermint, rosemary and eucalyptus essential oils do not change spirometry in healthy individuals. Physiol. Behav. 2018; 194: 319-323. [DOI:10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.06.022]
41. Chandorkar N, Tambe S, Amin P and Madankar C. A systematic and comprehensive review on current understanding of the pharmacological actions, molecular mechanisms, and clinical implications of the genus Eucalyptus. Phytomed. Plus. 2021; 1(4): 100089. [DOI:10.1016/j.phyplu.2021.100089]
42. Hayat U, Jilani MI, Rehman R and Nadeem F. A Review on Eucalyptus globulus: A new perspective in therapeutics. Int. J. Chem. Biochem. Sci. 2015; 8: 85-91.
43. Agarwal P, Sebghatollahi Z, Kamal M, Dhyani A, Shrivastava A, Singh KK, Sinha M, Mahato N, Mishra AK and Baek K-H. Citrus essential oils in aromatherapy: Therapeutic effects and mechanisms. J. Antioxid. Act. 2022; 11(12): 2374. [DOI:10.3390/antiox11122374]
44. Gupta V, Kohli K, Ghaiye P, Bansal P and Lather A. Pharmacological potentials of Citrus paradisi-an overview. Int. J. Phytother Res. 2011; 1(1): 8-17.
45. Hosseini N, Akbari M, Ghafarzadegan R, Changizi Ashtiyani S and Shahmohammadi R. Total phenol, antioxidant and antibacterial activity of the essential oil and extracts of Ferulago angulata ssp. angulata. J. Med. Plants. 2012; 11(43): 80-89.
46. Horváth G and Ács K. Essential oils in the treatment of respiratory tract diseases highlighting their role in bacterial infections and their anti‐inflammatory action: a review. Flavour Fragr. J. 2015; 30(5): 331-341. [DOI:10.1002/ffj.3252]
47. Hudz N, Kobylinska L, Pokajewicz K, Horčinová Sedláčková V, Fedin R, Voloshyn M, Myskiv I, Brindza J, Wieczorek PP and Lipok J. Mentha piperita: Essential oil and extracts, their biological activities, and perspectives on the development of new medicinal and cosmetic products. Molecules. 2023; 28(21): 7444. [DOI:10.3390/molecules28217444]
48. Raudenbush B, Corley N and Eppich W. Enhancing athletic performance through the administration of peppermint odor. JSEP. 2001; 23(2): 156-160. [DOI:10.1123/jsep.23.2.156]
49. Ghafarzadegan R, Noruzi M, Mousavi M, Alizadeh Z, Harurani M, Ghafarzadegan R and Javaheri J. The effect of a combined herbal ointment (pepper, rosemary, peppermint) on low back pain after coronary angiography. J. Med. Plants. 2017; 16(Supp. 11): 76-82.
50. Zhao H, Ren S, Yang H, Tang S, Guo C, Liu M, Tao Q, Ming T and Xu H. Peppermint essential oil: Its phytochemistry, biological activity, pharmacological effect and application. Biomed. Pharmacother. 2022; 154: 113559. [DOI:10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113559]
51. Mihailovic T, Bouzigon R, Bouillod A, Grevillot J and Ravier G. Post-exercise hyperbaric oxygenation improves recovery for subsequent performance. RQES. 2023; 94(2): 427-434. [DOI:10.1080/02701367.2021.2002797]
52. Huang K, Chen Y, Liang K, Xu X, Jiang J, Liu M and Zhou F. Review of the chemical composition, pharmacological effects, pharmacokinetics, and quality control of Boswellia carterii. EBCAM. 2022; 2022(1): 6627104. [DOI:10.1155/2022/6627104]
53. Al-Harrasi A and Al-Saidi S. Phytochemical analysis of the essential oil from botanically certified oleogum resin of Boswellia sacra (Omani Luban). Molecules. 2008; 13(9): 2181-2189. [DOI:10.3390/molecules13092181]
54. Cárcel-Carrasco J, Martínez-Corral A, Aparicio-Fernández CS and Kaur J. Impact of the mobility alteration on air pollution over different cities: A vision for citizen awareness. ESPRI. 2022; 29(53): 81048-81062. [DOI:10.1007/s11356-022-21326-3]
55. Veenstra JP and Johnson JJ. Rosemary (Salvia rosmarinus): Health-promoting benefits and food preservative properties. Int. J. Nutr. 2021; 6(4): 1-10. [DOI:10.14302/issn.2379-7835.ijn-21-3874]
56. Borges RS, Ortiz BLS, Pereira ACM, Keita H and Carvalho JCT. Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil: A review of its phytochemistry, anti-inflammatory activity, and mechanisms of action involved. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2019; 229: 29-45. [DOI:10.1016/j.jep.2018.09.038]
57. Pezantes-Orellana C, German Bermúdez F, Matías De la Cruz C, Montalvo JL and Orellana-Manzano A. Essential oils: A systematic review on revolutionizing health, nutrition, and omics for optimal well-being. Front. Med. 2024; 11: 1337785. [DOI:10.3389/fmed.2024.1337785]
58. Manzur M, Luciardi MC, Blázquez MA, Alberto MR, Cartagena E and Arena ME. Citrus sinensis essential oils an innovative antioxidant and antipathogenic dual strategy in food preservation against spoliage bacteria. J. Antioxid. Act. 2023; 12(2): 246. [DOI:10.3390/antiox12020246]
59. Favela-Hernández JMJ, González-Santiago O, Ramírez-Cabrera MA, Esquivel-Ferriño PC and Camacho-Corona MdR. Chemistry and pharmacology of Citrus sinensis. Molecules. 2016; 21(2): 247. [DOI:10.3390/molecules21020247]
60. Fung TK, Lau BW, Ngai SP and Tsang HW. Therapeutic effect and mechanisms of essential oils in mood disorders: Interaction between the nervous and respiratory systems. IJMS. 2021; 22(9): 4844. [DOI:10.3390/ijms22094844]
61. Malloggi E, Menicucci D, Cesari V, Frumento S, Gemignani A and Bertoli A. Lavender aromatherapy: A systematic review from essential oil quality and administration methods to cognitive enhancing effects. Appl. Psychol.: Health Well-Being. 2022; 14(2): 663-690. [DOI:10.1111/aphw.12310]
62. Pokajewicz K, Białoń M, Svydenko L, Fedin R and Hudz N. Chemical composition of the essential oil of the new cultivars of Lavandula angustifolia Mill. Bred in Ukraine. Molecules. 2021; 26(18): 5681. [DOI:10.3390/molecules26185681]
63. Vora LK, Gholap AD, Hatvate NT, Naren P, Khan S, Chavda VP, Balar PC, Gandhi J and Khatri DK. Essential oils for clinical aromatherapy: a comprehensive review. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2024; 330: 118180. [DOI:10.1016/j.jep.2024.118180]
64. Cavanagh HM and Wilkinson JM. Lavender essential oil: a review. IPC. 2005; 10(1): 35-37. [DOI:10.1071/HI05035]
65. Dorji T, Giri S, Tshering U, LeVine S, Chhetri S, Dhakal N, Gaikwad SN, Flaherty GT, Lucero-Prisno III DE and McIntosh S. Challenges in the management of high-altitude illnesses and emergencies in Bhutan and Nepal. Travel Med. Infect. Dis. 2023; 56: 102660. [DOI:10.1016/j.tmaid.2023.102660]
66. Netzer NC, Faulhaber M, Gatterer H, Dünnwald T, Schobersberger W, Strohl KP and Pramsohler S. The question is still open: Is supplemental Oxygen enhancing performance in professional athletes at high altitude or not? Sports Med. 2023; 53(5): 1101-1102. [DOI:10.1007/s40279-022-01803-y]
67. Khodaee M, Grothe HL, Seyfert JH and VanBaak K. Athletes at high altitude. Sports Health. 2016; 8(2): 126-132. [DOI:10.1177/1941738116630948]
68. Aksel G, Çorbacıoğlu ŞK and Özen C. High-altitude illness: Management approach. Turk. J. Emerg. Med. 2019; 19(4): 121-126. [DOI:10.1016/j.tjem.2019.09.002]
69. Imray CH, Myers SD, Pattinson KT, Bradwell A, Chan C, Harris S, Collins P and Wright A. Effect of exercise on cerebral perfusion in humans at high altitude. J. Appl. Physiol. 2005; 99(2): 699-706. [DOI:10.1152/japplphysiol.00973.2004]
70. Snell PG and Mitchell JH. The role of maximal oxygen uptake in exercise performance. Clin. Chest Med. 1984; 5(1): 51-62. [DOI:10.1016/S0272-5231(21)00231-8]
71. Nowadly CD, Portillo DJ, Davis ML, Hood RL and De Lorenzo RA. The use of portable oxygen concentrators in low-resource settings: A systematic review. PDM. 2022; 37(2): 247-254. [DOI:10.1017/S1049023X22000310]
72. Tran HM, Tsai F-J, Lee Y-L, Chang J-H, Chang L-T, Chang T-Y, Chung KF, Kuo H-P, Lee K-Y, Chuang K-J and Chuang H-C. The impact of air pollution on respiratory diseases in an era of climate change: A review of the current evidence. Sci. Total Environ. 2023: 166340. [DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166340]
73. Kawachi S, Yamamoto S, Nishie K, Yamaga T, Shibuya M, Sakai Y and Fujimoto K. The effectiveness of supplemental oxygen during exercise training in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who show severe exercise-induced desaturation: a protocol for a meta-regression analysis and systematic review. Syst. Rev. 2021; 10: 1-7. [DOI:10.1186/s13643-021-01667-9]
74. Nonoyama ML, Brooks D, Lacasse Y, Guyatt GH and Goldstein RS. Oxygen therapy during exercise training in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. CDSR. 2007; 2007(2): Cd005372. [DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD005372.pub2]
75. Sharma P, Mohanty S and Ahmad Y. A study of survival strategies for improving acclimatization of lowlanders at high-altitude. Heliyon. 2023; 9(4): e14929. [DOI:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14929]
76. Marino E, Caruso M, Campagna D and Polosa R. Impact of air quality on lung health: myth or reality? TACD. 2015; 6(5): 286-298. [DOI:10.1177/2040622315587256]
77. Kellar RS, Audet RG, Roe DF, Rheins LA and Draelos ZD. Topically delivered dissolved oxygen reduces inflammation and positively influences structural proteins in healthy intact human skin. J. Cosmet. Dermatol. 2013; 12(2): 86-95. [DOI:10.1111/jocd.12039]
78. Kim H-J, Park H-K, Lim D-W, Choi M-H, Kim H-J, Lee I-H, Kim H-S, Choi J-S, Tack G-R and Chung S-C. Effects of oxygen concentration and flow rate on cognitive ability and physiological responses in the elderly. Neural Regen. Res. 2013; 8(3): 264-269.
79. Radak Z, Zhao Z, Koltai E, Ohno H and Atalay M. Oxygen consumption and usage during physical exercise: the balance between oxidative stress and ROS-dependent adaptive signaling. ARS. 2013; 18(10): 1208-1246. [DOI:10.1089/ars.2011.4498]
80. Visan AI and Negut I. Coatings based on essential oils for combating antibiotic resistance. Antibiotics. 2024; 13(7): 625. [DOI:10.3390/antibiotics13070625]
81. Hedigan F, Sheridan H and Sasse A. Benefit of inhalation aromatherapy as a complementary treatment for stress and anxiety in a clinical setting-A systematic review. Complement ther Clin. Pract. 2023; 52: 101750. [DOI:10.1016/j.ctcp.2023.101750]
82. Lee M-k, Lim S, Song J-A, Kim M-E and Hur M-H. The effects of aromatherapy essential oil inhalation on stress, sleep quality and immunity in healthy adults: Randomized controlled trial. Eur. J. Integr. Med. 2017; 12: 79-86. [DOI:10.1016/j.eujim.2017.04.009]
83. Moss M and Ord M. Life "in the Pink". Brief Administration of BOOST Oxygen Beauty® Elevates Blood Oxygen Saturation and Enhances Facial Skin Colour. J. Cosmet. Dermatol. Sci. Appl. 2019; 9(3): 263-274. [DOI:10.4236/jcdsa.2019.93023]
84. Roffe C, Nevatte T, Sim J, Bishop J, Ives N, Ferdinand P, Gray R, Investigators SOS and Group SOC. Effect of routine low-dose oxygen supplementation on death and disability in adults with acute stroke: the stroke oxygen study randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2017; 318(12): 1125-1135. [DOI:10.1001/jama.2017.11463]
85. Dubey SK, Dey A, Singhvi G, Pandey MM, Singh V and Kesharwani P. Emerging trends of nanotechnology in advanced cosmetics. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2022; 214: 112440. [DOI:10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112440]
86. Bjorgum RK and Sharkey BJ. Inhalation of oxygen as an aid to recovery after exertion. Research Quarterly. American Association for Health, Res. Quar. 1966; 37(4): 462-467. [DOI:10.1080/10671188.1966.10614780]
87. Sattayakhom A, Wichit S and Koomhin P. The effects of essential oils on the nervous system: A scoping review Molecules. 2023; 28(9). [DOI:10.3390/molecules28093771]
88. Aghaaliakbari B, Mojtahedi MM, Hajiaghaee R, Abaee MS, Besati M, Ghafarzadegan R and Tavakoli S. Chemical composition, Cholinesterase inhibitory effect and Cytotoxic activity study of essential oils extracted from different parts of Satureja isophylla Rech.f. JJNPP. 2024; 19(3): e146767. [DOI:10.5812/jjnpp-146767]
Send email to the article author
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
