Showing 20 results for Gel
K Morteza-Semnani , M Azadbakht , M Saeedi , S Rohanifard ,
year 2, Issue 5 (3-2003)
Abstract
The genus Paederus has a world-wide distribution and comprises several hundred species and is most common during May through September in Iran. There appears to be no specific treatment for the Paederus dermatitis, thus we decided to evaluate herbal gel from chamomile and myrrh on Paederus dermatitis. Chamomile and myrrh have anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial and anti-fungal activity in Iranian herbal medicine, thus we selected these plants for treatment of Paederus dermatitis. Ethanolic chamomile extract and the tincture of myrrh were prepared, then different gels containing chamomile (3.5%)-myrrh (1%) and myrrh (1% and 2%) were formulated and the best formulations were selected for preliminary clinical trial study in comparison with gel base. After proving the presence of active ingredients by TLC, HPLC and GC/Mass, the physical stability was evaluated in three tempretures (4, 25 and 40°C). Apigenin was 3.61 ± 0.62 mg/g of chamomile extract and 99.31% and 95.91% of papigenin was detected in gels containing chamomile (3.5%) and chamomile (3.5%)-myrrh (1%), respectively. The results of microbial control had corresponded to pharmacopoeia criteria. The results showed that the preparation containing 1% myrrh had the fewer side effects and the most effects on treatment of Paederus dermatitis.
F Mojab, B Nickavar , K Javidnia , Ma Roodgar Amoli ,
year 2, Issue 6 (6-2003)
Abstract
Volatile oil and fatty acid compositions of Nigella sativa L. ( Ranunculaceae ) seeds grown in Iran determined by GC and GC/MS. Eight fatty acids (99.5%) and thirty- two compounds (86.7%) have been identified in the fixed and volatile oils, respectively. The main fatty acids of the fixed oil were linoleic acid (55.6%), oleic acid (23.4%), and palmitic acid (12.5%). The major compounds of the volatile oil were trans-anethole (38.3%), p-cymene (14.8%), limonene (4.3%), and carvone (4.0%).
F Chalabian , H Norouzi Arasi , S Moosavi ,
year 2, Issue 7 (9-2003)
Abstract
In this study essential oils of 7 species from Compositae, Labiatae, Graminae, Dipsacaceae and Capparidaceae families including: Achillea wilhelmsii, Acroptilon repens, Centaurea depressa, Salvia suffruticosa, Cymbopogon olivieri, Pterocephalus canus and Cleome iberica were extracted by hydrodistillation method and their antimicrobial effects on some kinds of microbes including three species of Staphylococcus genus (aureus, epidermidis, saprophyticus), Salmonella typhi, Shigella flexneri and Escherichia coli were investigated. The antibacterial properties of essential oils were tested by repeated experiments using the evaluation of diameter of the growth inhibitory zone with well method. The results showed that the essential oils extracted from aerial parts of plants have antimicrobial effects. Among species, Cymbopogon olivieri, Achillea wilhelmsii and Salvia suffruticosa showed stronger antibacterial effect. Acroptilon repens, only inhibited the growth of Gram (+) bacteria. Pterocephalus canus showed the lowest antibacterial effect. Two species Cleome iberica and Centaurea depressa have the moderate effect on the Gram (+) and Gram (-) bacteria.
S Parvardeh , H Hosseinzadeh ,
year 2, Issue 8 (12-2003)
Abstract
We have previously shown that thymoquinone, the major active constituent of Nigella sativa seeds, exhibited anticonvulsant effect in pentylenetetrazole model. In the present study, in order to clarify the other actions of thymoquinone on the CNS, we investigated its hypnotic and muscle relaxant effects using pentobarbital-induced hypnosis and the traction test, respectively. Also, we evaluated the effects of thymoquinone on locomotor activity and motor coordination using the open-field activity and the rotarod tests, respectively. The results showed that thymoquinone did not show any hypnotic effect but exerted muscle relaxation in 30% of mice treated with the dose of 80 mg/Kg i.p. In rotarod test, thymoquinone (40 and 80 mg/Kg, i.p.) produced motor incoordination dose dependently. In open-field test, we found that thymoquinone with lower doses (1 and 2 mg/Kg, i.p.) could suppress locomotor activity and locomotor-associated behaviors. These findings indicate that thymoquinone has not any hypnotic effect, but produces muscle relaxation, as well as motor incoordination, and reduces the locomotor activity.
S Parvardeh , M Nassiri-Asl , Mt Mansouri , H Hosseinzadeh ,
year 4, Issue 14 (5-2005)
Abstract
Background: Thymoquinone, the major constituent of Nigella sativa seeds, is a biologically active compound, which possesses several pharmacological effects. Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anticonvulsant effect of thymoquinone through intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection. Method: The anticonvulsant effects of thymoquinone, the major constituent of Nigella sativa seeds, were investigated using pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizure model. Results: In PTZ-induced epileptic seizures, the i.c.v. injection of thymoquinone (200 and 400 mol) prolonged the onset and reduced the duration of tonic-clonic seizures. The protective effect of thymoquinone against lethality was 45% and 50% in the mentioned doses, respectively. In this study, flumazenil (1 nmol, i.c.v.) reversed the anticonvulsant activity of thymoquinone. Also, pretreatment with naloxone (10 mol, i.c.v.) antagonized the prolongation of tonic-clonic seizure latency, as well as reduction in seizure duration both induced by thymoquinone (200 mol, i.c.v.). Conclusion: These results indicate that thymoquinone may possess anticonvulsant activity probably through an opioid receptor-mediated increase in GABAergic tone.
M Niakan, Sr Miri , M Naseri, M Karimi, S Mansouri,
year 5, Issue 19 (9-2006)
Abstract
Background: The anti-microbial effect of plants has been suggested from old years. New researches in this field confirm such property of applications. Objective: In this study, anti-microbial effects of Nigella sativa seed oil cold extract against two strains of Staphylococcus aureus was evaluated, and the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of Nigella sativa L. (NS) was compared with relevant antibiotics. Methods: Detection of MIC in NS oil cold extract was performed using broth dilution method. The original extract was prepared in 0.5%, 0.25%, 0.06% and 0.03% concentrations by serial dilution. S. aureus strains (ATCC 1112 and 2572) were grown in TSB media to 0.5 MC Farland standard concentrations and each 0.01 dilution of microorganism suspension above was transferred to the drug dilution. Tubes were incubated overnight at 35 °C. The sensitivity of the bacteria were defined by Disk Diffusion (kirby-bauer) Method and Antibiogram disks made by Difco Inc . The obtained values were compared with the effects of the extract. Results: MIC for S. aureus ATCC-2572 and S. aureus ATCC-1112 were found 1/16 and 1/10, respectively. It was revealed by performing in vitro sensitivity tests for the two strains that NS oil can affect the bacterial pure form in 0.125% and 0.26% concentrations. Conclusion: It is suggested that the anti-microbial effect of NS oil extract is comparable with antibiotics such as CXM, CEC, MAN, CAZ. We recommend experimental use of Nigella sativa L. to control some of bacterial infections.
H Asgari Rad, M Azadbakht , A Sharifpour , F Mazloom ,
year 6, Issue 22 (5-2007)
Abstract
Background: A common varicose vein of the lower organs occurs for women four times more than men and nearly half of them are from a family suffering from varicose veins. This disease causes ambiguous ache, feeling pressure on feet after long time standing, feeling heaviness on feet, mild edema on ankle, skin ulceration near ankle. It seldom causes varicose veins to tear and bleed. Objective: The aim of this research is to survey how to provide herbaceous medicine containing the extract of Indian chestnut to treat varicose and its related primary clinical study. Methods: the extract of Indian chestnut was prepared and different formulations a suitable topical gel has been produced. After the standardization of the product, the drug and placebo effects on those suffering from varicose veins through random sampling has been evaluated. Results: The amount of the extract of Indian chestnut has determined 5.4%. In the performed clinical study the effect of the medicine in comparison with placebo about reducing ache, inflammation, feeling weight on feet values p < 0.000, edema valiums p < 0.05 and itching values p < 0.007 was meaningful and 86.4% of the consumers are generally satisfied with the product. Conclution: Drug from Aseculus hippocastanum extract can be useful in prevention and treatment of Varicose disease symptoms.
H Fallah Huseini, R Mohtashami , Sadeqi Z, Y Saidi , A Fallah Huseini ,
year 10, Issue 38 (5-2011)
Abstract
Background: The Nigella sativa L. seeds have been used as herbal medicine in several countries for the treatment and prevention of a wide range of diseases like cough and bronchial asthma, headache, nasal congestion, toothaches, intestinal worm, menstrual disorder, digestive abnormality, and impotence. Objective: The aim of this review was to collect updated available data focused on the pharmacological effects of Nigella sativa seeds. Methods: A computerized search was performed using the electronic database such as Medline and SID for selection and collection of articles focused on the pharmacological effects of Nigella sativa seed published from 1980 to 2010. Results: The large number of articles published on pharmacological effects of Nigella sativa seeds oil and extract over recent three decade. Results indicates that Nigella sativa seeds oil and seed extract with anti-inflammatory, anti - oxidant, antihistamine and immunomudulator properties has wide spectrum protective effects in various diseases such as cancer, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, digestive and psychiatric disease observed in experimental and clinical studies. No side effects were reported in clinical study on therapeutic dosage of Nigella sativa seeds. Conclusion: The present scientific-based evidence indicates that Nigella sativa seeds have protective effects on liver, kidney and gastrointestinal, cardio vascular and nervous system, as well as beneficial effects on inflammatory, cancer, microbial and parasites diseases in experimental studies. Furthermore its efficacy on diseases such as diabetes hyperlipidemia and hypertension observed in experimental as well as clinical studies without any side effects. This information may be useful for scientist for induction of clinical trial for further investigation of efficacy and adverse effects of Nigella sativa seeds in treatment of hypertension, hyperlipidemia and diabetic disease.
R Mohtashami , M Amini , H Fallah Huseini , M Ghamarchehre, Z Sadeqhi , R Hajiagaee, A Fallah Huseini ,
year 10, Issue 39 (9-2011)
Abstract
Background: Several formulations of the Nigella sativa L. seeds (Black seed) have been used in traditional medicine for treatment and prevention of a wide range of diseases including diabetes. But blood glucose lowering effects of its oil in a clinical study is of an interest. Objective: The present study was undertaken to explore the possible blood glucose lowering effects of the Black seed oil on healthy subjects. Methods: A randomized clinical trial was conducted in 70 healthy subjects referring to Bagiatallah hospital. The subjects were randomly selected and enrolled in to two groups of 35 each. One group received 2.5 ml Black seed oil and the other group received similarly 2.5 ml mineral oil two times a day. The fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, liver and renal function test was determined at the baseline and after two months. Results: Results showed that significant decrease in fasting blood glucose and HbA1c levels in Black seed oil treated patients as compared to control group at the end of the study. No notable liver, kidney and gastrointestinal side effects were observed in these two groups. Conclusion: Administration of 5 ml Black seed oil daily to healthy subjects for two months had beneficial effects on improving glycemic profile without any adverse effects.
M Amini , H Fallah Huseini , R Mohtashami , Z Sadeqhi , Ma Ghamarchehre,
year 10, Issue 40 (12-2011)
Abstract
Background: Several formulations of the Nigella sativa L. seeds (black seed) have been used in traditional medicine for treatment and prevention of a wide range of diseases including hyperlipidemia. But blood lipid lowering effects of its oil in clinical study is of an interest. Objective: The present study was undertaken to explore the possible blood lipid lowering effects of the black seed oil on healthy volunteers. Methods: A randomized clinical trial was conducted in 70 healthy volunteers referring to Bagiatallah hospital. The subjects were randomly selected and enrolled in to two groups of 35 each. One group received 2.5 ml black seed oil and the other group received similarly 2.5 ml mineral oil two times a day. The fasting blood triglyceride, cholesterol, HDL, LDL, glucose, ALT, AST, BUN, cratinine, and HbA1C were determined at the baseline and after 8 weeks. Results: Results showed that significant decrease in fasting blood cholesterol, LDL, triglyceride, glucose and HbA1C levels in black seed oil treated volunteers as compared to placebo group at the end of the study. No notable liver, kidney and gastrointestinal side effects were observed in these two groups side effects were observed in these two groups. Conclusion: Administration of 5 ml black seed oil daily to healthy volunteers for 8 weeks had beneficial effects on improving lipid profile without any adverse effects.
T Ziaee , N Moharreri , H Hosseinzadeh ,
year 11, Issue 42 (5-2012)
Abstract
Nigella sativa is an annual plant in the family Ranunculaceae, native to southern Europe, north Africa and southwest Asia. N. sativa seeds contain fixed oils, proteins, alkaloids (such as nigellicine and nigellidine), quinones (such as thymoquinone), saponin and essential oil. In traditional medicine, it has been used for several diseases such as antihelmintic, amenorrhea, asthma, diabetes, cough, diuretic and lactagogue. Pharmacological and biological activities of N. sativa and its constituents such as thymoquinone have been shown to be antioxidant, anti-ischemia, antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsant and antitussive.
Ms Hosseini , Sa Mirkarimi, M Amini , R Mohtashami, S Kianbakht, H Fallah Huseini,
year 12, Issue 47 (9-2013)
Abstract
Background: Nigella sativa (N. sativa) seeds are used to treat diabetes mellitus in traditional medicine. Moreover, N. sativa oil has reduced the fasting blood glucose level in non-diabetic volunteers. Objective: The present study was undertaken to explore the possible anti-hyperglycemic effect of N. sativa oil in type II diabetic patients. Methods: A randomized clinical trial was conducted in 70 type II diabetic patients referring to Baqiyatallah Hospital. The subjects were enrolled into two groups of 35 each. One group received 2.5 ml N. sativa oil and the other group received similarly 2.5 ml mineral oil two times a day for three months. The fasting and 2 hour postprandial blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), lipid profile, BMI (body mass index), liver and renal function test were determined at the baseline and after three months. Results: The blood levels of fasting and 2 hours postprandial glucose and HbA1c were significantly decreased in the N. sativa group compared with the placebo group at the end of the study. The BMI of the N. sativa group was decreased significantly from baseline. No side effects were reported. Conclusion: N. sativa oil improves glycemic control in type II diabetic patients without any side effects.
A Beheshti Roy , B Tavakoli-Far , H Fallah Huseini , P Tousi , N Shafigh , M Rahimzadeh ,
year 13, Issue 51 (9-2014)
Abstract
Background: Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) essential oil has been traditionally used in the ayurvedic system of medicine for healing burns, infections and seborrheic dermatitis. But yet, no controlled human study has determined its efficacy. Objective: The goal of the current study was to compare the efficacy of 5% tea tree essential oil (TTO) gel with placebo in the treatment of mild to moderate facial seborrheic dermatitis. Methods: Fifty four patients with mild to moderate facial seborrheic dermatitis reffered to Skin Diseases Research Center, in the Qazvin city, Iran, were randomly divided into two groups and treated with either 5% TTO gel or placebo three times daily for 4 weeks. The patients follow-ups were conducted in both groups after 2 and 4 weeks with evaluating of erythema, scaling, itching and greasy crusts. Results: Forty two patients completed the treatment course. There were significant differences between the TTO and placebo groups in the improvement of erythema, scaling, itching and greasy crusts (p < 0.05). Allergic side - effects were seen in neither group. Conclusions: 5% TTO gel is effective in the treatment of mild to moderate facial seborrheic dermatitis.
S Parvardeh , M Moghimi ,
year 14, Issue 54 (5-2015)
Abstract
Background: It has been shown that Nigella sativa seeds has several pharmacological activities such as sedative effects, decrease in locomotor activity and muscle relaxation. As, many therapeutic properties of Nigella sativa is attributed to its major constituent, “thymoquinone”, it might be proposed that Nigella sativa effects on locomotor activity and muscle relaxation is attributed to thymoquinone. Objective: In this study, the effect of thymoquinone on the contractile responses of skeletal muscle has been investigated, using experimental methods. Methods: The chick biventercervicis nerve-muscle preparation was isolated and placed in organ bath. Then, the effects of thymoquinone on contractile responses of skeletal muscle evoked by acetylcholine, KCl, and electrical field stimulation were evaluated through tension recording protocols. Also, muscular strength and motor coordination of mice were evaluated in vivo using traction test and rotarod apparatus following intraperitoneal injection of various doses of thymoquinone. Results: Thymoquinone (40, 80, 100 M) significantly inhibited contractile responses of skeletal muscle to acetylcholine (100 M) and electrical field stimulation, but could not affect contractions induced by KCl (80 mM). Also, thymoquinone (40, 80 mg/kg) significantly decreased the maintenance time of animals in the traction test and rotarod apparatus. Conclusion: The results indicate that thymoquinone may act as a muscle relaxant agent and inhibits the skeletal muscle spasms.
H Mahmoodzade Ardakani, E Dastanpoor,
year 15, Issue 60 (10-2016)
Abstract
Background: The radiotherapy is a therapeutic procedure for various types of cancers that is associated with the skin complications So recently the researcher's consideration has been directed to phyto-therapy in order to prevent or decrease the skin complications.
Aim: The aim of this study was investigation of Aloevera gel effects on the skin pigmentation due to electron radiotherapy after mastectomy in referred patients at Isfahan Seyedolshohada hospital.
Methods: This research is a semi-experimental study. The 80 women with breast cancer after mastectomy and electron radiotherapy were selected using purposive voluntary and triple blind sampling and classified in two groups. Two questionnaire of personal information and skin pigmentation scale were applied. The Aloevera gel sensitivity test was fulfilled before intervention. The pigmentation was evaluated before intervention and at the end of each week till to the 6th week.
Results: The investigations indicated that there were no increase in pigmentation at the end of the first week of therapy in the both groups. In the Aloevera group, at the 3rd, 4th and 5th weeks, the highest degree of pigmentation changes was related to the grade I and 2.8% was related to the grade III of pigmentation changes but in this time, the 8.75% of control group were subjected to the grade III. At the end of the 6th week, the 6.25% of the Aloevera group and the 52.5% of the control group had the grade III of pigmentation. The Kruskall Wallis and Mann-Whitney statistical tests indicated significant differences between the two groups regarding to the intensity of the skin pigmentation changes (p<0/001).
Conclusion: The topical use of the AleoVera gel could be effective in the skin pigmentation decrease in the patients that were subjected to radiotherapy. Literally this gel prevents the skin darkening resulted from the radiotherapy in a suitable manner.
Parastoo Pourali, Leila Khojasteh, Bijan Fahimi, Fatemeh Moghimian, Behrooz Yahyaei,
year 18, Issue 69 (3-2019)
Abstract
Background: Achievement the new biocompatible wound dressing is one of the attractive areas of research.
Objective: The present study attempts to examine the healing effects of the alginate - Persian mannaplant extract in the induced rat wounds.
Methods: After culturing and detecting of the Pseudomonas aeroginosa strains by phenotyping and genotyping methods, the produced alginate was extracted and used for cell cytotoxicity assessment by MTT assay. 1.5×1.5 cm wounds were made on the tested rat skins. The animals were divided in 4 groups (n= 8). Three groups were equally treated for 21 days with nontoxic doses of alginate hydrogel, herb extract, and alginate hydrogel- herb extract, respectively. The forth group remained as the negative control. In different days after treatments 2 rats from each group were selected and the wound areas and the effects of each material were analyzed.
Results: Alginate was extracted from P. aeruginosa strain K1. Results from the macroscopic examination showed that the wound contraction percentage in alginate hydrogel and alginate hydrogel- Persian mannaplant groups had significance difference with the rest other groups
(P value < 0.05). Microscopic examination showed that the best group was the one which was treated by alginate hydrogel- Persian mannaplant complex.
Conclusion: Although both materials had a good ability to heal the wounds but microscopic examinations showed that the alginate hydrogel- Persian mannaplant complex had better activity in the wound site.
Samaneh Maskani, Mahin Tafazoli, Hasan Rakhshandeh, Habibollah Esmaily, Salmeh Dadgar,
year 18, Issue 69 (3-2019)
Abstract
Background: Premenstrual syndrome is one the most common disorders of reproductive age and despite its high prevalence and its importance, the exact cause and the appropriate treatment for it are not well defined.
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Nigella sativa seeds capsules on the severity of physical symptoms in People with Premenstrual Syndrome.
Methods: Double blind randomized clinical trial study was performed on 84 students with symptoms of premenstrual syndrome residing in girls' dormitories in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in 1396. The subjects were divided randomly into two groups of 42 intervention and control groups. The intervention group received, oral capsule containing 500 mg of Nigella sativa seeds, three times a day from 7 days before the onset of menstrual bleeding to the first 3 days of menstrual bleeding for 2 cycles and the control group received placebo capsules in the same conditions. The severity of the symptoms was compared the end of the first and second months of the intervention with before intervention. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 23 and Chi-square, Fisher exact, Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon. The significance level was considered as P <0.05.
Results: The mean of severity of physical symptoms of premenstrual syndrome at the end of the first month in the Nigella sativa seeds group were 2.83 ± 2.01 and at the end of the second month were 3.34 ± 1.97 has decreased proportion before the intervention. The mean scores of intensity of physical symptoms of premenstrual syndrome in the intervention group at the end of the second month were significantly lower than the control group (P <0.001).
Conclusion: The Nigella sativa seeds Capsule is effective in decreasing the severity of physical symptoms of premenstrual syndrome.
Mohammadbagher Nikzad, Shadmehr Mirdar,
year 19, Issue 74 (6-2020)
Abstract
Background: Researchers argue that supplements are somewhat capable of influencing the lung tissue exposed to smoking carcinogens through cell cycle. Cyclin D1 is a gene involved in cell cycle. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of 12-week injection of Nigella sativa nano-capsule on the expression of Cyclin D1 of the lung tissue of the rats receiving exposure to Nicotine-Derived Nitrosamine Ketone. Method: 46 Wistar rats were assigned into five groups: NNK, Supplement, and Supplement, + NNK, Control and Vehicle group. 125 μg/kg body weight of Nigella sativa nano-capsule supplement was injected subcutaneously into the Supplement and Supplement NNK groups once a week. NKK and Vehicle groups received a weekly dose of 12.5 mg/kg NNK and distilled water for 12 weeks through subcutaneous injection. After isolating the lung tissue, the expression of the Cyclin D1 gene was measured using Real Time PCR-ABI. One-way ANOVA parametric analysis and Tukey post hoc test were used to analyze the data at the significant level of P ≤ 0.05. Results: According to the results, the expression of Cyclin 1 gene was relatively reduced in Supplement NNK (P = 0.003) and Vehicle (P = 0.001) groups in comparison to the NNK group. Nevertheless, no significant difference was observed among the Supplement, Vehicle, and Control groups. We believe that Nigella sativa nano-capsule supplement reduced the relative changes of Cyclin 1 in the lung tissues exposed to carcinogen NNK. Conclusion: Apparently, this supplement is capable of reducing Cyclin 1 level in cell cycle; hence, it can reduce the carcinogenic effects of NNK and the negative effects of smoking among other therapeutic methods.
Masfria Masfria, Sumaiyah Sumaiyah, Hafid Syahputra, Jennifer Jenifer,
year 22, Issue 88 (12-2023)
Abstract
Background: Phyllantus emblica contains quite high levels of vitamin C as an antioxidant, premature aging and anti-inflammatory. Simplicia is formulated into a hydrogel because it has good dispersion power on the skin. Objective: This research aims to develop a hydrogel formula with the active ingredient Phyllantus emblica L. Fruit nanosimplicia as an anti-inflammatory and anti-aging. Methods: Nano simplicia is made using a high-energy ball mill and characterized through phytochemical analysis, particle size analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Hydrogels are formulated with simplicia concentrations (2, 4, 6 %). Assessment of hydrogels encompasses organoleptic evaluations, consistency, dispersibility, pH, thickness, stability, skin irritation, efficacy against aging, and anti-inflammatory. Results: The anti-aging hydrogel made from P. emblica fruit nanosimplicia is a dark brown, uniform substance with a pH range of 5.26-6.28 and spreadability between 6.1-6.8. It remains stable after 4 weeks of storage at room temperature and is non-irritating to the skin. Results showed that the 6 % hydrogel preparation was the most effective in increasing moisture by 17.90 %, improving evenness by 15.83 %, reducing pore size by 15.30 %, diminishing pore spots by 22.67 %, and decreasing wrinkles by 28.06 %. Hydrogel concentrations of 2 %, 4 %, and 6 % showed inhibitory results of 0.7 %, 6.6 %, and 8.19 % respectively. Conclusion: Phyllanthus emblica nanosimplicia was successfully incorporated into a hydrogel formulation and remained stable for four weeks of storage. Hydrogel 6% exhibited superior anti-aging and anti-inflammatory properties.
Ratih Pramuningtyas, Flora Ramona Sigit Prakoeswa, Sri Wahyuni,
year 23, Issue 90 (5-2024)
Abstract
Background: Utilizing pomegranate peel as an antibacterial agent in topical formulations presents an opportunity for optimization through innovative drug delivery systems, notably encapsulating extracts and fractions within a nanoemulgel. Objective: This study aimed to formulate ethanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction of pomegranate peel into nanoemulgels and assess their antibacterial activity against skin disease-causing bacteria. Methods: The methodology encompassed extraction, formulation, testing, and antibacterial assays involving maceration and fractionation using ethanol and ethyl acetate solvents. The physical properties and antibacterial efficacy of the nanoemulgels were evaluated. Results: Nanoemulsions derived from pomegranate peel ethanol extracts and ethyl acetate exhibited promising attributes, demonstrating 98.27 % and 98.77 % transmittance levels and zeta potentials of 0.18 mV and 0.32 mV. The nanoemulgel with ethanol had a pH of 6.62 ± 0.02, 6.86 ± 0.01, 6.3 ± 0.01 in 0.5 %, 1 %, and 1.5 % concentrations. For nanoemulgels with ethyl acetate, the pH levels for concentrations 0.5 %, 1 %, and 1.5 % are 6.58 ± 0.00, 6.80 ± 0.01, and 6.94 ± 0.01, respectively. These nanoemulgels displayed consistent odour, colour, and homogeneity characteristics, highlighting their suitability for topical application. The adhesion, spreadability, and viscosity assessments showed concentration-dependent variations, influencing effectiveness and user comfort. Notably, these nanoemulgels displayed substantial potential as antimicrobial agents against S. aureus and S. epidermidis bacteria in inhibitory assays, signalling promise for addressing skin infections. Conclusion: Overall, the study underscores the potential of nanoemulgels derived from pomegranate peel extracts as a natural alternative for topical antimicrobial therapy against skin infections.
