Showing 35 results for Flavonoid
M Azadbakht,
year 6, Issue 21 (3-2007)
Abstract
Epidemiological studies suggest that populations consuming a diet of high phytoestrogens, have a lower risk of many of the so-called “western” diseases.Phytoestrogens are naturally found in many foods and their biological activity is confirmed in animals, in different studies. Phytoestrogen consist of a number of classes, including lignans, isoflavones, coumestans and resorcylic acid lactones. Soy products have phytoestrogens such as genistein, diadzein and glycetin that all of them are from isoflavon class. These isoflavones affect estrogen receptors and have both agonist and antagonist properties. Isoflavone have agonist property when estradiol is low for competition to receptor attaching. Antiestrogenic effects of phytoestrogens depend on their partial concentration and endogenous estrogen, so, when endogenous estrogen is high, phytoestrogens may release estradiol from its receptors. In menopausal period that estrogen is low, phytoestrogens have estrogenic effects. Phytoestrogens prevent menopausal period symptom such as hot flush, vaginal drying, osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease and decrease incidence of breast, colon, endometrial and ovarian cancers.
Sh Rezazadeh , D Yazdani , P Ataee , M Pirali – Hamedani , R Taghizad – Farid ,
year 6, Issue 21 (3-2007)
Abstract
Background: Ginkgo is a native plant to China which is recently cultivated in Iran. The extract of the Ginkgo leaves contains flavonoids and ginkgolids and has been used pharmaceutically for a while. Flavonoids of Ginkgo have been shown to have several effects which could increase blood flow of brain and limit the damage associated with ischemia also they inhibit cyclo-oxygenases and lipoxygenases activities and show antioxidant effects. The researchers showed that Ginkgo leaves flavonol glycosides varies during different seasons. Objective: The aim of the present research is study on seasonal variation of flavonoids of Ginkgo biloba leave’s cultivated in Iran by HPLC method. Methods: In this study Ginkgo leaves from 5 years old trees collected in 2005 from North of Iran and evaluated. Plant leaves were dried, milled, and extracted with a suitable solvent. For analysis of flavonoid aglycones in the extract, flavonol glycosides were hydrolyzed in acid medium and identified by HPLC instrument and the peaks of standard material Quercetin, Kaempferol and Isorhamnetin were obtained. Results: According to our findings, flavonoids vary in amount during seasons and upper most amount was found in June Month (5.5%w/w). Conclusion: Results of our study shows a mild variation of flavonoids content in Ginkgo tree leaves during different months, also we found a high concentration of flavonoids in young tree leaves that is very higher than pharmacopeia′s standard (0.5% w/w) and these leaves are suitable for preparing of standardized extracts.
J Torkaman, Sh Seyam,
year 8, Issue 29 (2-2009)
Abstract
Background: In Antiquty, The treebarks were used as medication.the most of treebarks have tannin that is important material in vegetative universe. this important plant material has Antiseptic and protein coagulating properties. Objective: The purpose of this investigation is quantitating of tannin from the treebarks such as black walnut, oak, alder, horn beam and beech. Methods: The total extractive matrials obtained according TAPPI standard. The bark phenolic compound were obtained according Calberg and Kurth scheme. Tannin was evaluated by Tanoform method. Results: Experiments showed that the total extractive content of these species were 29.8, 23.2, 17.9, 16.8 and 16.7 percent respectively. Also, it was shown that the total phenolic materials were 26.3, 21.2, 13.6, 12.9 and 14.0 percent respectively. By sequential precipitation, Flobatannins, Flobaphens and Flavonoids were separated and measured quantitavely. Also the percentage of tannin in extractive materials of species were evaluated between 40 - 50%. Conclusion: Generally,The total extractive materials in this study were obtained between 17-30 percent which almost half of that is tannin. The minimum and maximum of tannin belong to beech and walnut Species respectively. Hydrolysable and condensed tannins have medical and industries application.
S Eshraghi , Gh Amin , A Othari ,
year 8, Issue 32 (12-2009)
Abstract
Background: Historical documents belonging to medicine and pharmacy consist of valuable information about the herb and medicinal plants. Objective: The main purpose of this study was to investigate the antibacterial and phytochemical properties of 10 selected medicinal plants including of Echinophora platyloba D.C., Eucalyptus globulus Labill, Euphorbia denticulata Lam., Hypericum perforatum L., Hypericum hyssopifolium Chaix, Hypericum scabrum L., Juniperus excelsa M.B., Peganum harmala L., Plantago major L. and Scirpus lacustris L. in preventing the growth of pathogenic Nocardia in-vitro. All species of Nocardia are found in nature in the soil and aquatic environments. The bacteria are aerobic, gram-positive, partially acid fast bacilli. Nocardia asteroides a highly pathogenic microorganism infects humans through the respiratory tract. The bacterium is primarily an opportunistic pathogen that causes the infection in patients with immunodeficiency. Nocardia brasiliensis is most commonly responsible for cutaneous infections. Methods: The antibacterial ability and phytochemical properties of methanolic extract of the above herbs against species of pathogenic Nocardia were investigated by means of appropriate agar distribution methods. After incubating of the cultured media, the diameter of the clean zone formed in each concentration was measured and correlated to the ability of the extracts to inhibit the growth of Nocardia strains. Results: According to the results, the various concentrations of the 5 medicinal plants out of the 10 herbs e,g, Hypericum perforatum L., Hypericum, hyssopifolium Chaix, Hypericum scabrum L., Juniperus excelsa M.B., Scirpus lacustris L. have significant antibacterial activity against Nocardia asteroides and N. brasiliensis. Conclusion: Interestingly the results show inhibitory effects of the medicinal plants on different strains of the Nocardia in-vitro. It was found that the 5 medicinal plants out of the 10 herbs have potent antibacterial property. We came to this conclusion formed by 10% concentration of the above herbal extracts in appropriate distribution routs, were similar to that of the clear zones formed by specific antibiotic against Nocardia species, e.g. Amikacin, Amoxicillin, Ceftazidime, Ceftizoxime/Cefotaxime, Cephalothin, Cotrimoxazol. The antibacterial activity of the above herbs is probably associated to the potency of strong antibacterial properties of flavonoids, saponins and tanans presents in the methanolic extraction of the above medicinal plants.
R Sepehrifar , T Hasanloo ,
year 9, Issue 33 (3-2010)
Abstract
Background: Vaccinium arctostaphylos L. (Ericaceae family), locally named Qare - Qat is a shurb or woody bush which has been extensively used in Iranian folk medicine as antidiabetic and antihypertensitive agents for many years. Phenolics found in leaves and fruits of the plant are a specific group of secondary metabolites that plays an important role of antioxidant activity. Objective: Comparative study of phenolics, anthocyanins and flavonoids contents in V. arctostaphylos methanolic extracts and evaluation of antioxidant activities. Methods: Leaves and fruits of V. arctostaphylos have been collected from the high altitude areas of Ardabil (Hoor), Gilan (Masouleh and Asalem) and Mazandaran (Kelardasht) provinces in August 2007 and stored at -80°C until metabolites analysis. Then extraction was carried out with acidified methanol and the mixture was used for antioxidant activity and phenolics content assays by UV- Vis spectrophotometer. Results: The data indicated that fruits of Kelardasht genotype had the highest total phenolics content as gallic acid (42.73 ± 1.5 mg g-1 DW), anthocyanin content as cyaniding-3- glucoside (1.0± 0.07 mg g-1) and antioxidant activity (DPPH assay) of fruits of Kelardasht (IC50: 0.14 ± 0.07 mg ml-1) were highest in comparison to other genotypes. Leaves of Masouleh genotype had the highest flavonoid content as quercetin (2.9 ± 0.07 mg g-1 DW). Conclusion: It could be concluded that the leaves and fruits of V. arctostaphylos have high amount of phenolics and antioxidant activity. Therefore, this plant can be a potential source of antioxidant compounds for food and pharmaceutical industry.
M Jamshidi , Hr Ahmadi-Ashtiani , Sh Rezazadeh , F Fathiazad , M Mazandarani , A Khaki ,
year 9, Issue 34 (5-2010)
Abstract
Background: Plants are rich in phenolics (phenolic acids, flavonoids and Tannins). The interest in phenolics has been increased by recent reports of their antioxidant activities. These antioxidant nutrients from food sources reduce the harmful effects of oxidative stress and offer health advantages. Objective: Total phenolics, flavonoids contents and antioxidant capacity of seven culinary plants of Mazandaran province were investigated and compared to Rosemary. Methods: Methanolic extracts of dried powdered aerial parts of plants were prepared. Total phenolic compounds in extracts were determined spectrophotometrically using the Folin–Ciocalteu reagent. Antioxidant activity assessed by using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. Results: The total phenolic content of plants extracts ranged from 38.27 to 58.45 mgGAEg-1 (Gallic acid equivalent/g dried weight), flavonoid content ranged from 25.5 to 182.23 mgQUEg-1 (mg Quercetin equivalent/g dried weight) and IC50 ranges from 55.52 to 489.9 μgml-1. Among the 7 different plants, Marrubium vulgare contained a higher level of phenolics and high antioxidant capacity compared to Rosemary, while Mentha spicata had the lowest content of phenolics. Conclusion: The antioxidant capacity determined by the 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method was lowest for of Mentha spicata. These results clearly showed the antioxidant activity could be correlated with the phenolic components content in the extracts.
A Shafaghat ,
year 9, Issue 35 (9-2010)
Abstract
Background: Plants and fruits are an essential component of the universe. Human beings have used those as medicine from the very beginning of time. According to holy Quran, the fruits like grape, date, fig, olive and pomegranate are gifts and heavenly fruits of God. Eighteen fruits and plants name have been mentioned in the holy book of Moslem. A phytochemical screening of these fruits and plants belonging to 15 families was carried out. Objective: This study was conducted to phytochemical investigation on fruits and plants that has been mentioned in Holy Quran. Methods: The plant species are: Olea europaea L., Vitis vinifera L., Punica granatum L., Phoenix dactylifera L., Alhagi mannifera Desf., Ficus carica L., Cedrus deodara (Lawb.)G. Don., Tamarix aphylla L., Salvadora persica L., Zingiber officinale Rosc., Musa sapientum L., Brassica nigra (L.) koch., Lens culinaris medicus., Allium sativum L., Allium cepa L., Cucumis sativus L., Cucurbita maxima Duchartre., and Ocimum basilicum L. Fruits, seeds and other material of the plants screened in this investigation were collected and/or purchased from different grocery and fruit shop during the seasonable period, dried in shadow, and then powdered, some fruits used as fresh sample. A qualitative phytochemical analysis was performed for the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins and saponins. Results: The results obtained of the investigated plants showed that the all 18 samples were found to be flavonoids bearing, 9 showed the presence of alkaloids, 10 tannins and 10 saponins. Conclusion: The methanolic extract of Phoenix dactylifera L., Olea europaea L., Ficus carica L., Cedrus deodara (Lawb.) G.Don., Tamarix aphylla L., Salvadora persica L., Zingiber officinale Rosc., Brassica nigra (L.) Koch. Allium sativum L. and Allium cepa L. mentioned in holy Quran are rich sources of flavonoids that appear to have protective effects for human health. The Quranic fruits and plants which are medicinal species used for various ailments.
K Jaimand , Mb Rezaee , Mh Asareh , Sr Tabaei Aghdaei , S Meshkyzadeh,
year 9, Issue 36 (12-2010)
Abstract
Background: Flavonoid components are the largest phenolic groups in nature. Pigments are primarily responsible for the color of rose petals, it is colorless flavonoids aid in the intensification and stabilization of color. Objective: The aim of this research was extraction and determination of flavonoid compounds kaempferol and Quercetin in petals of Rosa damascena from central location of Iran and cultivated in Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands. Methods: Samples were collected on late April 2006. A 5 g fresh flower petals was blended with 30 ml of 9 : 1 methanol - acetic acid, the extract was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results: Two flavonoids kaempferol and quercetin glycoside compounds were extracted from 15 samples. The highest kaempferol content were obtained from Kamoo 4 (482 ppm), Arak (421 ppm), Ghohrood (420 ppm), Mashhad –e- ardehal 1 (412 ppm), and the lowest from Ghamsar 3 (131 ppm), Kamoo 3 (164 ppm), Kamoo 2 (169 ppm), and Ghamsar 1 (188 ppm). The highest quercetin glucoside contents were obtained from Kamoo 4 (358 ppm), Ghohrod (337 ppm), Ghamsar 2 (324 ppm), and Arak (318 ppm), and lowest were from Qum (82 ppm), Tehran (91 ppm), Ghamsar 3 (122 ppm) and Kamoo 2 (172 ppm). Conclusion: According to the results the samples were obtained from Kamoo 4 (482 ppm kaempferol, 358 ppm quercetin), Ghohrod (420 ppm kaempferoi, 337 ppm quercetin) and Mashhad –e –ardehal 1 (412 ppm kaempferol, 300 ppm quercetin).
Mr Dehghani Mashkani , H Naghdi Badi , Mt Darzi , A Mehrafarin , Sh Rezazadeh , Z Kadkhoda ,
year 10, Issue 38 (5-2011)
Abstract
Background: As application of chemical fertilizers has been recognized to cause pollution soil, water and agricultural products, today bio-fertilizers are an alternative to mineral fertilizers for increasing soil productivity and plant growth in sustainable agriculture. Objective: To determine the effects of biological and chemical fertilizers on qualitative and quantitative yield of Shirazian Babooneh (Matricaria recutita L.) Methods: This study was done in a randomized complete block design with three replications and six treatments along 2009- 2010. The treatments were A (Control or no applying fertilizer), B (Bio-fertilizer as Nitroxin+ 53 Kg/ha chemical fertilizer), C (Bio-fertilizer as Super nitro plus + 53 Kg/ha chemical fertilizer), D (Bio-fertilizer as mix of Super nitro plus & Nitroxin + 35 Kg/ha chemical fertilizer), E (Bio-fertilizer as Bio-sulfur) and F (106 Kg/ha chemical fertilizer). Results: The fertilizer treatments had significant effects on plant height (p<0.05), plant dry weight (p<0.05), capitol diameter (p<0.01), fresh weight of capitol per ha (p<0.01), dry weight of capitol per ha (p<0.05), essential oil yield per ha (p<0.01), chamazulene content (p<0.01) and total flavonoid content (p<0.01). The chemical fertilizer had not significant effect on qualitative and quantitative yield of Shirazian Babooneh and the lowest qualitative and quantitative yield of Shirazian Babooneh was related to control (A) and chemical fertilizer (F) treatments. Although, the application of bio-fertilizers significantly increased the yield in respect of all studied parameters, the highest dry weight of capitol and content of essential oil were observed in biosulfur (E) treatment. Conclusion: The application of the bio- fertilizers increased qualitative and quantitative yield of Shirazian Babooneh and Bio-sulfur treatment was the best treatment. Also, the application of the bio- fertilizers can be in order to reduction in application of chemical fertilizers in agro-ecosystem which is attitude toward minimize of environmental pollution and sustainable agriculture.
M Noori , H Zare Mayvan , A Mazaheri ,
year 11, Issue 41 (2-2012)
Abstract
Background: Flavonoids are as one set of the polyphenolic compounds among secondary metabolites in different organs of plants that are used in plant chemotaxonomy and pharmacognosy. They have basic role in pollination and life cycle of anthmophyllus plants and also their spreading abroad and survival.
Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the leaf flavonoids profiles of Chrozophora Neck populations in Markazi Province, Iran.
Methods: Phytochemical studies on 25 collected Chrozophora populations of 2 species ( C. hierosolymitana and C. tinctoria : Euphorbiaceae family) from different parts of Markazi Province area were done using 2-dimentional paper chromatography (2-DPC) and thin layer chromatography (TLC). Voucher specimens of each population were prepared for reference as herbarium vouchers.
Results: Results showed all of populations contain flavonoid sulphates, flavone C and C-/O-glycosides and aglycon. Also all of studied populations have apigenin and quercetin while rutin was just found in 4 populations of C. tinctoria species that is recorded first time for Markazi Province.
Conclusion: All of studied populations have flavonoid compounds that have variation in their flavonoid type and number.
H Golzadeh , A Mehrafarin , H Naghdi Badi , F Fazeli , A Qaderi , N Zarinpanjeh,
year 11, Issue 41 (2-2012)
Abstract
Background: In order to ecological agriculture, application of bio-stimulators compounds can be increase the quantitative and qualitative yield of crops in company with reducing environmental stresses.
Objective: To determine the effects of bio-stimulators compounds on quantitative and qualitative yield of German chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.), this experiment was conducted.
Methods: This study was done in research farm of ACECR, Institute of Medicinal Plants in a randomized complete block design with three replications and ten treatments in 2010. The treatments were C (Control/no fertilizer), CF (Chemical fertilizer), A1 (Aminolforte 0.75 L.ha-1), A2 (Aminolforte 1.5 L.ha-1), K1 (Kadostim 0.75 L.ha-1), K2 (Kadostim 1.5 L.ha-1 ), H1 (Humiforte 0.75 L.ha-1), H2 (Humiforte 1.5 L.ha-1), F1 (Fosnutren 0.75 L.ha-1), and F2 (Fosnutren 1.5 L.ha-1).
Results: The results showed that the different treatments had significant effects on plant height, capitule diameter, capitule number per plant, fresh and dry matter yield of capitule per hectare, essential oil yield per hectare, chamazulene content, total flavonoid content (p<0.01) and plant harvest index (p<0.05). Also, the treatments didn’t have significant effects on plant water content.
Conclusion: Application of bio-stimulators could be increased the quantitative and qualitative yield of German chamomile. However, treatments of A2 and F2 (Aminolforte and Fosnutren 1.5 L.ha-1) were the best treatments in respect of yield of capitule and essential oil per hectare. Also, the application of the bio-stimulators can lead to increasing crop production in company with minimizing of environmental pollution and sustainable agriculture.
F Khalighi-Sigaroodi , M Ahvazi , D Yazdani , M Kashefi ,
year 11, Issue 43 (8-2012)
Abstract
Background: The use of natural products as anticancer and antioxidant agents has a long history. Several drugs currently used in chemotherapy were isolated from plant species.
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate cytotoxicity and antioxidant activity as well as phenol and flavonoid contents of five plant species of Solanaceae family.
Methods: Five plant species of Solanaceae family were collected from different regions of Iran. Methanol extracts and chloroform fractions of these species were tested by brine shrimp lethality assay in order to detect cytotoxicity. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH method. The total phenol content was measured using Folin - Ciocalteu method. The flavonoid content was measured by a colorimetric assay.
Results: The extracts of Datura innoxia and Datura stramonium showed the highest cytotoxicity activities with LC50 values of 22.08 and 21.66 μg/ml, respectively. The chloroform fractions of these two species were subjected to cytotoxicity assay with LC50 values of 33.00 and 4.29 μg/ml, respectively. In comparing, Solanum dulcamara showed the highest antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 52.51 μg/ml and the highest phenol and flavonoid content of the dry weight.
Conclusion: It could be seen among five tested plant species that D. stramonium had the highest cytotoxic activity and S. dulcamara had the highest antioxidant activity, phenol and flavonoid content. Further studies are necessary for chemical composition of the extracts and more comprehensive biological assays.
H Salehi-Arjmand , D Mazaheri , J Hadian , N Majnoon Hosseini , M Ghorbanpour ,
year 13, Issue 51 (9-2014)
Abstract
Background: Satureja bachtiarica Bunge, an endemic species with relatively wide distribution, is traditionally used as a medicinal and spice plant in Iran. Objective: Essential oils composition, antioxidant activities and phenolics content of wild and cultivated S. bachtiarica of Yazd origin were determined in this study. Methods: Hydrodistilled essential oils were analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS. Folin-Ciocalteu and AlCl3 methods were served to determine total phenolics and flavonoids of methanol extracts, respectively. Antioxidant activities of the extracts were examined by DPPH and FRAP methods and their rosmarinic acid content was measured by using HPLC. Results: The oil content of cultivated and wild plants was 1.8% and 0.9% v/w, respectively. Oxygenated monoterpens (78.3 - 79.5%) constituted the major fraction of essential oils with carvacrol (71.4% and 57.4% in cultivated and wild plants, respectively. p - Cymene (8.6 - 12.5%) was another major components of essential oils. Methanol extract from wild growing plants exhibited the higher levels antioxidant activities in both DPPH and FRAP methods (29.04 and 58.25 mg Trolox/g, respectively). This extract also contained the higher amounts of total phenolics (24.5 mg caffeic acid /g sample), total flavonoids (87.99 mg catechin /g sample) and rosmarinic acid (3.73 mg/g dry weight) in comparison to cultivated ones (16.2 mg caffeic acid /g sample, 40.55 mg catechin /g sample and 1.73 mg/g dry weight, respectively). Conclusion: Obtained results may be helpful for domestication of this plant and development of natural antioxidants for use in different industries.
N Rahimifard , A Shojaii , M Mahbobi , Gh Hafezan , F Bagheri , J Asgarpanah ,
year 14, Issue 55 (9-2015)
Abstract
Background: Due to multiple drug resistance against antimicrobial drugs for treatment of infectious disease, investigations to discovering new antibacterial compounds from natural sources have been designated.
Objective: According to antimicrobial effects of some Capparis species, this study was carried out to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the extract and fractions of Capparis cartilaginea and Capparis mucronifolia against 6 bacterial strains.
Methods: Aerial parts of the Capparis species were extracted by maceration method using methanol and fractionated separately by liquid-liquid fractionation method. The antibacterial activity of the extract and fractions were studied against 6 bacterial strains using MIC microplate method. Total flavonoid content (TFC) of the extracts and fractions was determined using AlCl3 reagent.
Results: The total extract and methanolic fractions of C. mucronifolia were the most effective fractions against the bacterial strains. Methanolic fraction of C. cartilaginea was the most effective fraction with MIC 10.42 µg/ml against Salmonella enterica. The highest antibacterial activity of C.mucronifolia was against Staphylococcus epidermidis with MIC 7.8 µg/ml. Methanolic fractions of Capparis species showed the highest TFC value in AlCl3 colorimetric assay.
Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the extracts and fractions of Capparis cartilaginea and Capparis mucronifolia have antimicrobial effect against 6 gram positive and gram negative strains. According to the high amount of flavonoids in methanolic fraction of
C. mucronifolia, the antibacterial activity may be related to the flavonoid compounds of this plant.
S Abdekhani, M Solouki,
year 15, Issue 58 (4-2016)
Abstract
Background: Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.), is a member of a Lamiaceae family with antibacterial and antioxidant properties in essential oils which composed of phenylpropanoids. The evidence shows that plant hormones effective on the genes expression and increases the production of secondary metabolites.
Objective: The aim was to determine chanes in the content of total phenols, flavonoids, anthocyanin and antioxidant of basil at different stages, using growth regulators.
Methods: This research was carried out at the Biotechnology research institute of university of zabol, a factorial experiment based on randomized complete design with 3 replications. The treatments were growth regulators (with 0.1 mM/l gibberellic acid, jasmonic acid and salicylic acid and control (sprayed with distilled water without growth regulators)) and growth stages (seedling, perflowering and flowering) and harvested after 24 hours post treatments at different stages.
Results: Results showed a significant effect of growth regulators and different growth stages on the content of total phenols, flavonoids, anthocyanin and antioxidant.Total phenolics, flavonoids indicate a significant increased. Generally, the maximum amounts of the content of total phenols, flavonoids was obtained in 0.1 mM jasmonic acid, gibberellic acid in compared to the control at flowering stage. factors consist of anthocyanins, ascorbate, catalase and guaiacol peroxide activity, considerably were increased by salicylic acid and gibberellic acid compared to the cotrol at flowering stage (P≤0.05).
Conclusion: The phenol compounds, flavonoids, anthocyanin and antioxidant enzymes which were increased oxidative stress, resulting from the absorption of hormones, activation of antioxidant plant and the key role of PAL.
Zahra Bairami Ardi, Farahnaz Khalighi Sigaroodi, Mohammad Abdollahi, R Rahimi , Mh Farzaei , Reza Hajiaghaee,
year 15, Issue 60 (10-2016)
Abstract
Tragopogon is a genus of Asteraceae family and Lactuceae tribe. Distribution of this genus in different areas resulted to its dietary and feed applications as well as medicinal uses. Different parts of these plants have been used in treatment of stomachache and digestive disorders. In Iranian traditional medicine they used as hemostatic and wound healing agent in nose, ears, lungs, throat, intestine, stomach, and skin bleeding. Reduction of lipid peroxidation and blood lipid level, antioxidant, antileukemic, and antibacterial effects, and healing effect on inflammatory bowel disease are some of evaluated pharmacologic effects of the plants in this genus. Flavonoids, terpenes, saponins, bibenzyl and hydroisocoumarins, phenolic compounds, and strolls are some of detected phytochemicals of these plants that majority of them have been identified through the chemotaxonomic studies. Some tragopogon plants with high antioxidant effect are able to protect the tissues from the inflammatory disorders and inhibit DNA damage in the determined concentrations.
S Yousefzadeh, H Naghdi Badi, N Sabaghniya, M Janmohammadi,
year 15, Issue 60 (10-2016)
Abstract
Background: Iron is an essential micronutrient that may effect on the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of medicinal plants.
Objective: The effect of foliar application of nano-iron chalate were studied on phytochemical and morpho-physiological traits of dragonhead (Dracocephalum moldavica L.).
Methods: Foliar application of nano-iron chalate on phytochemical and morpho-physiological traits of dragonhead, an experiment was performed in randomized complete block design with three replications in 2014 at Marand’s Payame Noor University. Treatments were including: control (no foliar application), and foliar application of nano-iron chelate (1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 g/lit) at stem elongation and beginning of flowering stages.
Results: Foliar application of 2 g/L nano-iron chelate had negative effect on most of the traits in stem elongation and beginning of flowering stages. The maximum and minimum magnitudes of content and yield of essential oil were obtained by foliar application of 1.5 and 2 g/L nano-iron chelate, respectively. The highest and the lowest amounts of chlorophyll were obtained with application of 1 g/L nano-iron chelate at beginning of flowering stage and control, respectively. The highest and the lowest amounts of flavonoid and anthocyanin were achieved by foliar application of 1.5 g/L nano-iron chelate at beginning of flowering stage and control treatment, respectively.
Conclusion: Application of 2 g/L nano-iron chelate had significant effect on most of the traits. Foliar application of nano-iron chelate (1.5 g/L) not only improve the quantitative and qualitative of dragonhead traits but also it causes to move towards sustainable agriculture.
Sh Hosseini Kahnouj, M Ayyari, Hossein Azarnivand, S Piacente, Ma Zare Chahouki,
year 16, Issue 63 (8-2017)
Abstract
Background: Pergularia tomentosa L. has several traditional uses and biological activities which need to be more investigated.
Objective: In this study, some ecological and phytochemical properties of Pergularia tomentosa were assessed. The flavonoids and cardenolides in the aqueous extract of leaves were identified with LCMS techniques.
Methods: Some quantity characteristics of P. tomentosa were measured. Extraction was performed according to the traditional method (aqueous extract at room temperature). Metabolite profiling was conducted using untargeted liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (LCeESI-OrbitrapeMS). Data were analyzed by Xcalibur version 2.1.
Results: Results showed that length of roots, leaves and fruits and the height of aerial parts were 23-30 cm, 2.5-3.2 cm, 4.9- 5.4 cm and 40-58.00 cm, respectively. Physiography and canopy cover were two important variables on these properties. We also identified 19 natural products in aqueous extract, 15 phenolics and flavonoids and 4 cardenolides. Three flavonoids (8, 11 and 14) and one cardenolide (17) had been previously isolated in P. tomentosa and 3 cardenolides (5, 18 and 19) has been reported for the first time in this plant.
Conclusion: Results indicated that the leaves of P. tomentosa are a rich source of flavonoids and cardenolides. These findings suggest that leaves of this plant can be a good source of natural antioxidant and antitumor compounds. However, this plant needs special conservational efforts. Therefore, planting this plant under the canopy or along the borders of waterways can help in an appropriate habitat for its conservation and reclamation.
F Salehi , H Arouiee , Ha Naghdi Badi , Sh Nemati , Sm Tolyat Abulhassani ,
year 16, Issue 64 (12-2017)
Abstract
Background: Salvia multicaulis Vahl. a medicinal plant belonging to the Lamiaceae family, has an extensive application in native and traditional medicine.
Objective: This research was conducted to investigate diversity of morphophysiological traits and content of essential oil, phenol and flavonoid of Salvia multicaulis ecotypes in different districts of Hamedan province, Iran.
Methods: In this study, 11 ecotypes of Salvia multicaulis were collected from different districts of Hamedan Province at the full flowering stage in spring 2016 and were evaluated for their morphophysiological and phytochemical characteristics. The classification of ecotypes was done on the basis of phytochemical and morphophysiological traits by cluster analysis and correlations among quantitative traits was also conducted by Pearson method.
Results: Result showed that the essential oil content had positive significant correlation with plant height, inflorescence length, dry matter of flowering branche and essential oil yield. Also there was a positive significant correlation between essential oil yield with receptacle length, flower fresh and dry matter and plant dry matter. The heighes dry weight of flowering branch and flower was related to ecotypes of Lashkardar and west of Hamedan, respectively. The maximum plant dry weight was belong to Yelfan ecotype. The most essential oil content was related to Lashkardar and west of Hamedan ecotypes. Also, the highest content of phenol and flavonoid related to Vehnan ecotype. According to the cluster analysis, 11 ecotypes were divided into two groups.
Conclusion: The evaluation of morphophysiological and phytochemical traits showed that there was a considerable variation among different ecotypes of Salvia multicaulis in respect of morphophysiological and phytochemical characteristics.
Mahdieh Sashourpour, Dina Morshedi, Saber Zahri, Farhang Ali Akbari, Marzieh Fottovat, Tayebeh Rajabian,
year 18, Issue 69 (3-2019)
Abstract
Many of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are associated with formation of the protein aggregates called amyloidal fibrils. Fibrillization of alpha-synuclein seems to be a key stage in the creation and progression of NDs and finding the compounds that inherent the toxicity of alpha-synuclein aggregates seems to be one of the most attention subjects in the neurodegenerative studies. In this study, the effects of various extracts derived from the roots of S. pinnatifida, on the alpha-synuclein cytotoxicity were assayed. In this regard, the process of fibrillization was induced in alpha-synuclein and then formation of aggregates was verified using standard methods such as thioflavin T fluorescence assay and microscopic fluorescence images. Neurotoxicity of alpha-syncline fibrils on PC12 cells was examined by MTT and LDH methods. Results showed that, after treatment with alpha-synuclein aggregates, the rate of cell death was evaluated significantly. In spite of the methanolic, hexane and ethyl acetate extracts, in the presence of dichloromethane and n.butanol extracts, the death of cells treated with alpha-synuclein were inhibited significantly. Furthermore, it was found that dichloromethane and n.butanol extracts contained high amount of anti-oxidant flavonoids. It can be concluded that the extracts of S. pinnatifida, significantly inhibit the harmful effects of toxic alpha-synuclein aggregates and can be used to treat amyloid-related disorders. However, it is required more investigations on the kind of the effective compounds of S. pinnatifida extracts.