Background: Dermatophytes are the main cause of human superficial mycosis that is still a public health problem especially in tropical countries such as Iran. Objective: The aim of this study was determining the antifungal effect of Hypercom perforatum essential oil. Methods: The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) for the essential oil of the plant Hypericum perforatum against various dermatophytes were determined. The essential oil of Hypericum perforatum was obtained by hydro distillation of the dried plant. Clinical isolates of dermatophytes (Epidermophyton floccosum, Microsporum canis, Microsporum gypseum, T. mentagrophytes var. interdigital, T. mentagrophytes var. mentagrophytes., T. rubrum and Trichophyton tonsurans) were used for determining antifungal activity of this essential oil by in vitro tube dilution technique. Results: MIC90 and MFC90 values were remarkable. T. mentagrophytes var. interdigital showed a>1 log10 difference in viable count between treatment and control within the first hour, whereas E. floccosum did not. The essential oil of H. perforatum sufficiently inhibited and killed all tested dermatophytes in all different dilutions. The changes in growth curve of the treated dermatophytes were significant compared with the untreated dermatophytes. Conclusion: Terpinen-4-ol is the main component of the essential oil of H. perforatum, and perhaps could play the important role in antidermatophyte activity among the other components. It is suggested trying the in-vivo effects of Hypericum perforatum ointment or its other medicinal forms in the treatment and controlling of dermatophytes infections.

Background: Due to the increase in the strains of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, it is necessary to obtain effective herbal compounds and nanocapsules synthesized from plant extracts to eliminate these strains. Objective: The present research study was conducted to examine the antibacterial effects of Cornus mass extract and its synthesized nano-capsules on the bacterial strains resistant to antibiotics. Methods: Samples including a combination of (urine, sputum, wounds and blood) of 436 hospitalized patients was collected and a number of 50 strains which demonstrated the highest resistance to antibiotics was separated to examine the antibacterial characteristics of the innovative compositions under study. Results: The findings showed that from among the 50 strains under study in 80% of the cases the E. coli bacteria and in 20% of the cases the Acinetobacter were the cause of infections. with the increase in the concentration of the extract, the size and dimension of nano-capsules increased so much so that in a concentration of 2.5 mg of extract, nano-particles as large as 72 nanometers was reported. Also, in fixed concentration of extracts diluted in more aceton, the size and dimension of nano-particles decreased to the extent that in a concentration using 15 mililitre of aceton, nano-particles equal to 66 nano meter was observed. Conclution: The findings relating to the antimicrobial characteristics of the Cornus mass extracts and its synthesized nano-capsules showed that respectively 36% and 56% of the strains under study possess antibacterial characteristics.