en Dual Effects of Plant Antioxidants on Neuron Cell Viability فارماكوگنوزی و فارماسيوتيكس Pharmacognosy & Pharmaceutics پژوهشی Research <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: justify;"> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Background:</strong> Many studies have focused on oxidative stress induced damage and hence, the protective effects conferred by antioxidants. An example is neurodegenerative diseases which is thought to occur due to neuronal loss associated with oxidative stress. However, some antioxidants such as vitamin E have been shown to also exert pro-oxidative effects at high concentration.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Objective:</strong> In this study the cytotoxicity and neuroprotective potentials of <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> (CV), <i>Momordica charantia </i>(MC) and <i>Piper betle</i> (PB) were investigated and correlated with the antioxidant potential. Tocotrienol Rich Fraction (TRF) served as positive control since it had been shown previously to have high antioxidant potential as well as to exert neuroprotective and neurocytotoxic effects.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Method:</strong> Free radical scavenging activities of hot water extract of CV, aqueous extract of MC, aqueous extract of PB and TRF were determined by using DPPH (1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl) assay. Cytotoxicity and neuroprotective effects were measured by using 3 - (4, 5 -dimethylthiazol-2-yl) -5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium salt (MTS) against BSO-induced neuron cell death.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Results:</strong> Results showed that TRF has the highest radical scavenging activity followed PB> MC> CV. The MTS results showed that TRF (1-50 &micro;g/ml) as positive control, PB (0.001-100&micro;g/ml) and MC (1-500&micro;g/ml) conferred significant protection against BSO-induced cell death. These plants were cytotoxic at high concentrations. However CV extract did not show significant neuroprotective effect against BSO-induced cell death nor cytotoxic effect.</p> <div style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The present findings showed that plant extracts with the higher free radical scavenging activity showed neuroprotective effects at low concentrations but were cytotoxic at higher concentrations.</div> </div> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Background:</strong> Many studies have focused on oxidative stress induced damage and hence, the protective effects conferred by antioxidants. An example is neurodegenerative diseases which is thought to occur due to neuronal loss associated with oxidative stress. However, some antioxidants such as vitamin E have been shown to also exert pro-oxidative effects at high concentration.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Objective:</strong> In this study the cytotoxicity and neuroprotective potentials of <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> (CV), <i>Momordica charantia </i>(MC) and <i>Piper betle</i> (PB) were investigated and correlated with the antioxidant potential. Tocotrienol Rich Fraction (TRF) served as positive control since it had been shown previously to have high antioxidant potential as well as to exert neuroprotective and neurocytotoxic effects.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Method:</strong> Free radical scavenging activities of hot water extract of CV, aqueous extract of MC, aqueous extract of PB and TRF were determined by using DPPH (1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl) assay. Cytotoxicity and neuroprotective effects were measured by using 3 - (4, 5 -dimethylthiazol-2-yl) -5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium salt (MTS) against BSO-induced neuron cell death.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Results:</strong> Results showed that TRF has the highest radical scavenging activity followed PB> MC> CV. The MTS results showed that TRF (1-50 &micro;g/ml) as positive control, PB (0.001-100&micro;g/ml) and MC (1-500&micro;g/ml) conferred significant protection against BSO-induced cell death. These plants were cytotoxic at high concentrations. However CV extract did not show significant neuroprotective effect against BSO-induced cell death nor cytotoxic effect.</p> <div style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The present findings showed that plant extracts with the higher free radical scavenging activity showed neuroprotective effects at low concentrations but were cytotoxic at higher concentrations.</div> Antioxidant, <,i>,Centella asiatica<,/i>,, <,i>,Chlorella vulgaris<,/i>,, <,i>,Momordica charantia<,/i>,, Neuroprotection, <,i>,Piper betl<,/i>, Antioxidant, <,i>,Centella asiatica<,/i>,, <,i>,Chlorella vulgaris<,/i>,, <,i>,Momordica charantia<,/i>,, Neuroprotection, <,i>,Piper betl<,/i>, 113 123 http://jmp.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-413-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 SO Norfaizatul نورفازاتول 100319475328460038150 100319475328460038150 No Department of Biochemistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Department of Biochemistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia CZ Zetty Akmal زتی آکمل 100319475328460038151 100319475328460038151 No Department of Biochemistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Department of Biochemistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia AK Noralisa نورالیسا 100319475328460038152 100319475328460038152 No Department of Biochemistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Department of Biochemistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia SM Then تن 100319475328460038153 100319475328460038153 No UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia WN Wan Zurinah وان زوریناه 100319475328460038154 100319475328460038154 No Department of Biochemistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Department of Biochemistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia M Musalmah موسالماه musalmah@medic.ukm.my 100319475328460038155 100319475328460038155 Yes Department of Biochemistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Department of Biochemistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia