en The Effect of Chitosan and Chitin Oligomers on Gene Expression and Lignans Production in <i>Linum album</i> Cell Cultures بيوتكنولوژی Biotechnology پژوهشی Research <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Background:</strong> <em>Linum album</em>, a herbaceous and medicinal plant, has been shown to accumulate anti-tumor podophyllotoxin (PTOX) and related lignans. <strong>Objective:</strong> In this study, we have verified the time-course of cell growth, lignan production in cells treated with chitosan and chitin oligomers. To study mechanism of chitosan and chitin oligomers action, expression of phenylalanine ammonio-lyase (PAL), cinnamoyl-CoA reductase (CCR), cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) and pinoresinol lariciresinol reductase (PLR) genes were investigated. <strong>Methods:</strong> The cells were treated with 100 mg l-1 chitin and chitosan oligomers. Cells were harvested for 5 days after elicitation. lignans quantified by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Cell samples frozen with liquid N2 were used to elucidate the expression level of genes by quantitative PCR (qPCR). <strong>Results:</strong> Cells elicited with chitosan hexamer for 5 days yielded the highest amount of PTOX (73.5 &micro;g/g dry weight) and lariciresinol (96 &micro;g/g DW) which were about 3-fold and 2-fold higher than control, respectively. The expression of genes by oligomers was increased, reaching a peak at 3 day after treatment. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Chitosan and chitin oligomers up-regulate the production of PTOX, by effecting on gene expression of PTOX biosynthesis pathway.</div> <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Background:</strong> <em>Linum album</em>, a herbaceous and medicinal plant, has been shown to accumulate anti-tumor podophyllotoxin (PTOX) and related lignans. <strong>Objective:</strong> In this study, we have verified the time-course of cell growth, lignan production in cells treated with chitosan and chitin oligomers. To study mechanism of chitosan and chitin oligomers action, expression of phenylalanine ammonio-lyase (PAL), cinnamoyl-CoA reductase (CCR), cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) and pinoresinol lariciresinol reductase (PLR) genes were investigated. <strong>Methods:</strong> The cells were treated with 100 mg l-1 chitin and chitosan oligomers. Cells were harvested for 5 days after elicitation. lignans quantified by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Cell samples frozen with liquid N2 were used to elucidate the expression level of genes by quantitative PCR (qPCR). <strong>Results:</strong> Cells elicited with chitosan hexamer for 5 days yielded the highest amount of PTOX (73.5 &micro;g/g dry weight) and lariciresinol (96 &micro;g/g DW) which were about 3-fold and 2-fold higher than control, respectively. The expression of genes by oligomers was increased, reaching a peak at 3 day after treatment. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Chitosan and chitin oligomers up-regulate the production of PTOX, by effecting on gene expression of PTOX biosynthesis pathway.</div> ,Linum album, Chitosan oligomers, Gene expression, Podophyllotoxin Linum album, Chitosan oligomers, Gene expression, Podophyllotoxin 46 53 http://jmp.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-68-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 S Esmaeilzadeh Bahabadi S Esmaeilzadeh Bahabadi shirin_esm@yahoo.com 100319475328460041937 100319475328460041937 Yes Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran M Sharifi M Sharifi 100319475328460041938 100319475328460041938 No Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran J Murata J Murata 100319475328460041939 100319475328460041939 No Suntory Foundation for Life Sciences, Bioorganic Research Institute, Osaka, Japan Suntory Foundation for Life Sciences, Bioorganic Research Institute, Osaka, Japan H Satake H Satake 100319475328460041940 100319475328460041940 No Suntory Foundation for Life Sciences, Bioorganic Research Institute, Osaka, Japan Suntory Foundation for Life Sciences, Bioorganic Research Institute, Osaka, Japan