en The Ethnopharmacological Study on Antibacterial Activity of some Selected Plants Used in Iranian Traditional Medicine فارماكولوژی و سم شناسی Pharmacology & Toxicology پژوهشی Research <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Background:</strong> Iran is a land of great heritage of ancient medical scholars. Herbal medicines, as a basement of treatment of diseases have been clearly described in the medical texts of these scholars including Rhazes, Avicenna, and others. Numerous plants are introduced in these texts to treat those diseases likely to be infective ones. Few attempts have been made to evaluate ethnopharmacological aspects of these plants. <strong>Objective: </strong>In the present study selected specimens of plants described in ancient Iranian medical texts to treat infective conditions were evaluated for antibacterial activity. The hypothesis of this study was that the plants described in the ancient medical texts possess antibacterial properties. <strong>Methods:</strong> In this study, ten specimens of these plants were selected from various texts. Their scientific terminologies were prepared based on various respected sources. The antibacterial activity of hydroalcoholic extracts of these herbs, as well as their MICs and MBCs were evaluated according to standard techniques. <strong>Results:</strong> Results of this study showed that almost all of 10 specimens showed considerable antibacterial activity. The MIC and MBC of some herbs showed strong activity against gram positive and gram negative microorganisms. MICs and MBCs of <em>Heracleum persicum</em> and antibacterial activity of <em>Zea mays</em> are reported for the first time in this study. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The antibacterial activity of the selected plants supports their old uses as anti-infective agents. The results of this survey also showed antibacterial activity of <em>Arnebia euchroma</em> (Royle) Johst. and <em>Teucrium polium</em> L. traditionally used as poultice for infective wounds. <em>H. persicum</em> traditionally used in Iran as spice can play a valuable role in preventing food poisoning. The data of this study supported the importance of ethnopharmacological approach and opened also the new doors to future researches in this field.</div> <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Background:</strong> Iran is a land of great heritage of ancient medical scholars. Herbal medicines, as a basement of treatment of diseases have been clearly described in the medical texts of these scholars including Rhazes, Avicenna, and others. Numerous plants are introduced in these texts to treat those diseases likely to be infective ones. Few attempts have been made to evaluate ethnopharmacological aspects of these plants. <strong>Objective: </strong>In the present study selected specimens of plants described in ancient Iranian medical texts to treat infective conditions were evaluated for antibacterial activity. The hypothesis of this study was that the plants described in the ancient medical texts possess antibacterial properties. <strong>Methods:</strong> In this study, ten specimens of these plants were selected from various texts. Their scientific terminologies were prepared based on various respected sources. The antibacterial activity of hydroalcoholic extracts of these herbs, as well as their MICs and MBCs were evaluated according to standard techniques. <strong>Results:</strong> Results of this study showed that almost all of 10 specimens showed considerable antibacterial activity. The MIC and MBC of some herbs showed strong activity against gram positive and gram negative microorganisms. MICs and MBCs of <em>Heracleum persicum</em> and antibacterial activity of <em>Zea mays</em> are reported for the first time in this study. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The antibacterial activity of the selected plants supports their old uses as anti-infective agents. The results of this survey also showed antibacterial activity of <em>Arnebia euchroma</em> (Royle) Johst. and <em>Teucrium polium</em> L. traditionally used as poultice for infective wounds. <em>H. persicum</em> traditionally used in Iran as spice can play a valuable role in preventing food poisoning. The data of this study supported the importance of ethnopharmacological approach and opened also the new doors to future researches in this field.</div> Herbal Medicine, Ethnopharmacology, Anti- Infective Agents Herbal Medicine, Ethnopharmacology, Anti- Infective Agents 50 57 http://jmp.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-205-2&slc_lang=en&sid=1 MM Ahmadian-Attari MM Ahmadian-Attari 100319475328460038264 100319475328460038264 No Department of Traditional Pharmacy, Faculty of Traditional Medicine and Islamic Era, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Department of Traditional Pharmacy, Faculty of Traditional Medicine and Islamic Era, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences HR Monsef Esfahani HR Monsef Esfahani 100319475328460038265 100319475328460038265 No Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences GR Amin GR Amin 100319475328460038266 100319475328460038266 No Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences MR Fazeli MR Fazeli 100319475328460038267 100319475328460038267 No Department of Pharmaceutical and Food Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Department of Pharmaceutical and Food Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences H Jamalifar H Jamalifar 100319475328460038268 100319475328460038268 No Department of Pharmaceutical and Food Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Department of Pharmaceutical and Food Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences G Kamalinia G Kamalinia 100319475328460038269 100319475328460038269 No Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences M Khanlarbeik M Khanlarbeik 100319475328460038270 100319475328460038270 No Department of Pharmaceutical and Food Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Department of Pharmaceutical and Food Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences H Ashtiani H Ashtiani 100319475328460038271 100319475328460038271 No Department of Pharmaceutical and Food Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Department of Pharmaceutical and Food Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences H Farsam H Farsam Farsam@sina.tums.ac.ir 100319475328460038272 100319475328460038272 Yes Department of medicinal chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Department of medicinal chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences