fa The Effects of <i>Cynara scolymus</i> L. Leaf and <i>Cichorium intybus</i> L. Root Extracts on Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Liver Toxicity in Rats فارماكولوژی و سم شناسی Pharmacology & Toxicology مروری Review <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Background: </strong><em>Cynara scolymus</em> and <em>Cichorium intybus</em> are popular herbal remedy in folk medicine for liver disorders. Although many experimental studies carried out, scientifically reliable data needed to verify minimum effective dosage and efficacy of these medicinal plants. <strong>Objective:</strong> In present investigation, the effects of <em>C. scolymus</em> leaf and <em>C. intybus</em> root extracts at different doses were tested against CCl4 induced rats liver toxicity. <strong>Methods: </strong>The <em>C. scolymus</em> leaf and <em>C. intybus</em> root extracts at the doses of 300, 600 and 900 and 150, 300 and 450 mg/kg/day were prepared respectively. Liver intoxication was induced in 7 groups of rats by intraperitoneal injection of 1 ml/kg of 1:1 CCl4 in olive oil for two successive days. One group kept as control and six different doses of plant extracts were administered to six groups simultaneously with CCl4 administration. The serum levels of ALT, AST and ALP, liver tissue glutathione and catalase activity as well as liver tissue microvesicular steatosis (MVS) and pericentral coagulation necrosis (PCN) were determined after three days. <strong>Results:</strong> The serum ALT, AST and ALP and liver tissue MVS were significantly reduced in both the <em>C. scolymus</em> and <em>C. intybus </em>groups at the doses of 900 and 450 mg/kg/day respectively while liver tissue PCN significantly reduced in C. scolymus 900 mg/kg/day group only as compared to control group. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> In present study administration of the <em>C. scolymus</em> leaf (900 mg/kg/day) and <em>C. intybus</em> root (450 mg/kg/day) extracts ameliorated CCl4 induced rat serum liver enzyme changes and liver tissue histopathological damage.</div> <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Background: </strong><em>Cynara scolymus</em> and <em>Cichorium intybus</em> are popular herbal remedy in folk medicine for liver disorders. Although many experimental studies carried out, scientifically reliable data needed to verify minimum effective dosage and efficacy of these medicinal plants. <strong>Objective:</strong> In present investigation, the effects of <em>C. scolymus</em> leaf and <em>C. intybus</em> root extracts at different doses were tested against CCl4 induced rats liver toxicity. <strong>Methods: </strong>The <em>C. scolymus</em> leaf and <em>C. intybus</em> root extracts at the doses of 300, 600 and 900 and 150, 300 and 450 mg/kg/day were prepared respectively. Liver intoxication was induced in 7 groups of rats by intraperitoneal injection of 1 ml/kg of 1:1 CCl4 in olive oil for two successive days. One group kept as control and six different doses of plant extracts were administered to six groups simultaneously with CCl4 administration. The serum levels of ALT, AST and ALP, liver tissue glutathione and catalase activity as well as liver tissue microvesicular steatosis (MVS) and pericentral coagulation necrosis (PCN) were determined after three days. <strong>Results:</strong> The serum ALT, AST and ALP and liver tissue MVS were significantly reduced in both the <em>C. scolymus</em> and <em>C. intybus </em>groups at the doses of 900 and 450 mg/kg/day respectively while liver tissue PCN significantly reduced in C. scolymus 900 mg/kg/day group only as compared to control group. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> In present study administration of the <em>C. scolymus</em> leaf (900 mg/kg/day) and <em>C. intybus</em> root (450 mg/kg/day) extracts ameliorated CCl4 induced rat serum liver enzyme changes and liver tissue histopathological damage.</div> <,i>,Cynara scolymus<,/i>,, <,i>,Cichorium intybus<,/i>,, Medicinal plants, Liver toxicity <,i>,Cynara scolymus<,/i>,, <,i>,Cichorium intybus<,/i>,, Medicinal plants, Liver toxicity 33 40 http://jmp.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-90-4&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 H Fallah Huseini H Fallah Huseini huseini_fallah@yahoo.com 100319475328460037612 100319475328460037612 Yes Department of Pharmacology and Applied Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR Department of Pharmacology and Applied Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR A Zareei Mahmoudabady A Zareei Mahmoudabady 100319475328460037613 100319475328460037613 No Department of Biochemistry, Baqyiatallah University of Medical Sciences Department of Biochemistry, Baqyiatallah University of Medical Sciences SA Ziai SA Ziai 100319475328460037614 100319475328460037614 No Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University M Mehrazma M Mehrazma 100319475328460037615 100319475328460037615 No Department of Pathology Iran University of Medical Sciences Department of Pathology Iran University of Medical Sciences SM Alavian SM Alavian 100319475328460037616 100319475328460037616 No Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences M Mehdizadeh M Mehdizadeh 100319475328460037617 100319475328460037617 No Department of Anatomical Sciences, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Department of Anatomical Sciences, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran T Radjabian T Radjabian 100319475328460037618 100319475328460037618 No Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahed University Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahed University