fa جمع‌آوری، شناسایی و استفاده سنتی و بومی گیاهان دارویی در شهرستان جیرفت كشاورزی و اتنوبوتانی Agriculture & Ethnobotany پژوهشی Research <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:13.0pt;">مقدمه:</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">از</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">دیرباز</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">تاکنون</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">گیاهان</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">داروییِ</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">خودرو</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">یا</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">کاشته</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">شده</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">به</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">عنوان</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">منبع</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">دارویی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">مهمی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">مورد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">استفاده</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">قرار</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">می‌گرفته‌اند.</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">گیاه‌شناسی سنتی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">روش‌های</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">ارزشمندی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">را</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">برای</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">یافتن</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">گیاهان</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">دارویی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">جدید</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">داروهای</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">گیاهی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">عرضه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">می‌کند.</span></span><br> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:13.0pt;">هدف:</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;"> هدف</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">از</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">این</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">مطالعه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">شناسایی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">گیاهان</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">داروییِ</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">مهمی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">است</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">که</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">به</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">طور</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">گسترده</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">بوسیله‌ی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">ساکنان</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">محلی،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">درمان</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">بیماری‌ها</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">در شهرستان جیرفت</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">مورد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">استفاده</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">قرار</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">می‌گیرند</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:bnazanin;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">.</span></span></span><br> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:13.0pt;">روش</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:13.0pt;">بررسی</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:bnazanin,bold;"><span style="font-size:13.0pt;">:</span></span></span><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;"> شهرستان جیرفت با وسعت 13799 کیلومتر در مرکز استان کرمان واقع شده است. در این</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">بررسی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">شناسایی و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">معرفی گیاهان این شهرستان</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">با</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">استفاده</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">از</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">پیمایش‌های</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">صحرایی،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">اطلاعات</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">مردمی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">مطالعات</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">اسنادی،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">صورت</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">گرفته</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">است.</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">گونه‌های</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">گیاهی پس از</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">جمع‌آوری شناسایی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">شدند و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">برای</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">هر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">گونه‌ی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">گیاهی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">نام</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">علمی،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">نام</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">محلی، شکل زیستی،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">خاصیت</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">درمانی،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">اندام</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">مورد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">استفاده و نحوهِ مصرف</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">رایج</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">تدوین</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">شد</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:bnazanin;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">.</span></span></span><br> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:13.0pt;">نتایج:</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;"> در مجموع،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">147</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">گونه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">گیاه دارویی متعلق</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">به</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">132</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">جنس در 48 خانواده در این شهرستان</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">تشخیص</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">داده</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">شدند که از آنها به</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">عنوان درمان بیماری‌های گوارشی، آرام‌بخش،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">التیام‌دهنده‌ی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">زخم، مقوی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">معده،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">مسکن انواع</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">دردها</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">التهاب‌ها</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">موارد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">دیگر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">طب</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">سنتی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">استفاده می‌شود که با</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">مدیریت</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">برنامه‌ریزی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">دقیق،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">می‌توان</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">آنها</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">را</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">مورد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">بهره‌برداری</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">قرار</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">داد</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:bnazanin;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">.</span></span></span><br> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:13.0pt;">نتیجه‌گیری</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:bnazanin,bold;"><span style="font-size:13.0pt;">:</span></span></span><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;"> فراوانی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">استفاده</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">گسترده</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">ازگیاهان</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">دارویی،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">موجب فراهم</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">آمدن</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">زمینه‌ای</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">برای شناسایی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">اثرات</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">درمانی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">جدید</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">گیاهان</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">منطقه شده است.</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">محدودیت</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">منابع</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">داخلی،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">توسعه‌ی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">طرح‌های</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">اشتغال‌زایی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">بر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">مبنای</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">کشت</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">توسعه‌ی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">گیاهان</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">دارویی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">سازگار</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">با</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">شرایط</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">اکولوژیکی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">منطقه، می‌تواند</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">حداکثر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">تولید</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">بهره‌وری</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">را</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">در پی داشته و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">راه‌کاری</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">مناسب</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">برای</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">حفظ</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">این</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">منابع</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">باشد</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:bnazanin;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">.</span></span></span></div> <strong>Background:</strong><strong> </strong>Medicinal plants have been used for thousands of years as an important source of medicinal. Traditional botany offer valuable methods to finding new medicinal plants and herbal medicines.<br> <strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to identify the important native medicinal plants used by traditional healers of Jiroft.<br> <strong>Methods: </strong>The ethno-medicinal data of the plants were collected through field surveys, face-to-face interview with local herbalist and documentary studies. The traditional ethno-medicinal knowledge was recorded and for each species scientific name, local name, life form, therapeutic characteristic, used plant parts were aerial parts.<br> <strong>Results: </strong>A total of 147 species of medicinal plants belonging to 132 genera in 48 families were recorded. In this study the most frequently used plant was as comforting, healing wounds, stomach tonic, painkiller and anti-inflammation and other use in traditional medicine that they can be exploited with careful planning and management.<br> <strong>Conclusion: </strong>Prevalence and widespread use of medical herbs provide a context for identification of new treatment characteristics of plants in the region. Limited internal resources, development of employment plans based on cultivation and development of medicinal plants compatible with ecological conditions can lead to maximum productivity and provide a proper way to preserve these resources. استفاده سنتی, شهرستان جیرفت, گیاهان دارویی Jiroft, Medicinal plants, Traditional use 116 140 http://jmp.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1229-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Hossein Bibak حسین بی باک hbibak@ujiroft.ac.ir 100319475328460032337 100319475328460032337 Yes Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Jiroft دانشگاه جیرفت Fatemeh Moghbeli hanjaee فاطمه مقبلی هنزائی fmoghbeli916@gmail.com 100319475328460032338 100319475328460032338 No Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان