en Influence of KNO3, CaCl2 and MgSO4 Concentrations on Growth and Cichoric Acid Accumulation in Hairy Root Culture of Purple Coneflower (<i>Echinacea purpurea</i> L.) بيوتكنولوژی Biotechnology پژوهشی Research <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Background:</strong> Purple coneflower (<em>Echinacea purpurea</em> L.) is one of the most important medicinal plants. Hairy root culture of Echinace, represent a valuable alternative to field cultivation for the production of bioactive secondary metabolites. <strong>Objective:</strong> The present study investigates the effects of KNO3, CaCl2 and MgSO4 concentrations on growth and the biosynthesis of cichoric acid in <em>Echinacea purpurea</em> hairy root culture. <strong>Methods:</strong> Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain R15834 was used for hairy root induction. The experiment was performed with 0.5 g of fresh hairy roots (about 2 cm long segments) per 100 ml Erlenmeyer flasks containing 30 ml of hormone-free liquid 1/2MS salts with B5 vitamins supplemented with different amounts of KNO3 (3131, 3939, and 4747 mg/l), CaCl2 (85, 170, and 340 mg/l) and MgSO4 (370 (control), 600, and 1600 mg/l). After 4 weeks, growth parameters and cichoric acid amounts were assessed. <strong>Results: </strong>Results indicated that the highest fresh (99.69 g/l) and dry weight (6.91 g/l) of hairy roots were achieved using 3131 mg/l KNO3. Fresh and dry weights of hairy roots in various CaCl2 and MgSO4 concentrations were not significantly different from those of control. The highest amount of cichoric acid (30.55 mg/g DW) was produced by 1600 mg/l MgSO4 treated hairy roots after 4 weeks. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The present work demonstrated the effectiveness of modified 1/2MS salts supplemented with B5 vitamins medium for improving hairy root growth and in vitro production of cichoric acid.</div> <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Background:</strong> Purple coneflower (<em>Echinacea purpurea</em> L.) is one of the most important medicinal plants. Hairy root culture of Echinace, represent a valuable alternative to field cultivation for the production of bioactive secondary metabolites. <strong>Objective:</strong> The present study investigates the effects of KNO3, CaCl2 and MgSO4 concentrations on growth and the biosynthesis of cichoric acid in <em>Echinacea purpurea</em> hairy root culture. <strong>Methods:</strong> Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain R15834 was used for hairy root induction. The experiment was performed with 0.5 g of fresh hairy roots (about 2 cm long segments) per 100 ml Erlenmeyer flasks containing 30 ml of hormone-free liquid 1/2MS salts with B5 vitamins supplemented with different amounts of KNO3 (3131, 3939, and 4747 mg/l), CaCl2 (85, 170, and 340 mg/l) and MgSO4 (370 (control), 600, and 1600 mg/l). After 4 weeks, growth parameters and cichoric acid amounts were assessed. <strong>Results: </strong>Results indicated that the highest fresh (99.69 g/l) and dry weight (6.91 g/l) of hairy roots were achieved using 3131 mg/l KNO3. Fresh and dry weights of hairy roots in various CaCl2 and MgSO4 concentrations were not significantly different from those of control. The highest amount of cichoric acid (30.55 mg/g DW) was produced by 1600 mg/l MgSO4 treated hairy roots after 4 weeks. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The present work demonstrated the effectiveness of modified 1/2MS salts supplemented with B5 vitamins medium for improving hairy root growth and in vitro production of cichoric acid.</div> Cichoric acid, Echinacea purpurea L., Fresh weight, Hairy roots, Macro-elements Cichoric acid, Echinacea purpurea L., Fresh weight, Hairy roots, Macro-elements 75 84 http://jmp.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-102-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 M Abdoli M Abdoli 100319475328460042158 100319475328460042158 No Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tarbiat Modares Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tarbiat Modares A Moieni A Moieni moieni_a@modares.ac.ir 100319475328460042159 100319475328460042159 Yes Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tarbiat Modares Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tarbiat Modares H Naghdi Badi H Naghdi Badi 100319475328460042160 100319475328460042160 No Cultivation & Development Department of Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR Cultivation & Development Department of Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR