Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR
Journal of Medicinal Plants
2717-204X
10
39
2011
11
1
A Review on Garden Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) as a Medicinal and Multipurpose Plant
1
13
OTHER
H
Naghdi Badi
Department of Cultivation and Development, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran
N
Qavami
Department of Cultivation and Development, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran
A
Mehrafarin
Department of Cultivation and Development, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran
A
Qaderi
Department of Biotechnology of Medicinal Plants, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran
Garden asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) is a perennial plant which belongs to the Asparagaceae family native to Asia, North Africa and Europe. This variety is an economically important crop with a high value in terms of food, drug activity and industry. Asparagus is rich in functional components such as Flavonoids, Saponin and Glutathione with high antioxidation activity. In comparison to 23 analyzed vegetables commonly consumed, it has been found that asparagus is the first in terms of total quality and quantity of antioxidants as a functional food. This plant has been used in a variety of (fresh or dried) foods and also as a traditional medicinal herb in both Asia (as a tonic, anticancer, and antitussive drug, especially in China) and Europe (as treatment for urinary tract inflammation). This study reviewed the most important chemical constituents in asparagus and its therapeutic properties.
Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR
Journal of Medicinal Plants
2717-204X
10
39
2011
11
1
Antifungal Effects of Four Plant Essential Oils on Botrytis cinerea in Laboratory Conditions
14
24
OTHER
A
Asghari Marjanlo
Department of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
Y
Mostofi
Department of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
M
Heydari
Department of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, Islamic Azad University-Karaj Branch, Iran
M
Javan Nik Khah
Department of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
Sh
Shoeibi
Food and Drug Laboratory Research Center (FDLRC), Deputy for Food and Drug, MOH, Tehran, Iran
Background: Essential oils are very complex mixtures of compounds with variety of biological properties
Objective: In the present study, the effect of Cumin (Cuminum cyminum), Sage (Salvia officinalis), Basil (Ocimum basilicum) essential oil at 250, 500, 750 and 1000 µL.L-1 and Thyme essential oil at 30, 60, 120, 250µL.L-1 on growth of Botrytis cinerea was investigated in in vitro condition.
Methods: This experiment was carried out with two different methods: mixing of essential oil with fungal culture medium (SM) and Pisk Diffusion Method (PDM).
Results: The results showed that inhibitory effect of essential oils on fungal growth is related to type and concentration of essential oils and treatment methods. The PDM is more efficient in controlling of B. cinerea growth than SM. Cumin, Sage and Basil essential oils inhibited the fungal growth completely in PDM at all applied concentrations. In SM, inhibitory effect was related to applied concentration. Cumin and Thyme essential oils at 250 µL.L-1 concentration inhibited the fungal growth, but Basil and Sage oils at the same concentration have no inhibitory effect against B. cinerea. The results of MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) and MLC (Minimum Lethal concentration) showed that essential oils used in this study at all applied concentrations with two different methods were fungi static, except Cumin at 1000 µL.L-1 in disk diffusion method that was fungicide.
Conclusion: Essential oils are natural products that have fewer side effects than synthetic pesticides. More research is necessary to replace synthetic pesticides with new formulations of these natural compounds especially for maintaining of the horticultural product quality.
Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR
Journal of Medicinal Plants
2717-204X
10
39
2011
11
1
Insecticidal Effect of Clary Sage (Salvia sclarea) Essential oil Against Callosobruchus maculatus (Col: Bruchidae) and Tribolium confusum (Col: Tenebrionidae)
25
33
OTHER
B
Nabavi
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Tehran University, Karaj, Iran
Kh
Talebi Jahromi
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Tehran University, Karaj, Iran
SH
Goldansaz
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Tehran University, Karaj, Iran
F
Khalighi-Sigaroodi
Department of Pharmacognosy & Pharmacy, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran
V
Hosseini Naveh
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Tehran University, Karaj, Iran
NS
Esmaeilzadeh
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Tehran University, Karaj, Iran
Background: Nowadays stored–product insect pests are controlled by pesticides and chemical fumigant compounds. The continueous use of chemical pesticides is harmful for non–target creatures specially humans and other mammals. Beside they polluted the environment.
Objective: Accoring to the studies, the essential oil of Labiatae plants have insecticidal activity against some pests. In this study, the fumigant toxicity of Clary Sage essential oil (Labiatae) against two important stored – product pests, was tested.
Methods: Clary Sage was collected from mountains Chaloos road and was dried in shadow. Then it's essential oil was extracted by water–distillation using a Clevenger – type apparatus. The effects of the essential oil on adult insects were tested and the lethality was calculated using a bioassay method.
Results: The efficient amount of volatile oil of dried plant was 0.1% (v/w). Also the LC50 of mentioned essential oil, for Callosobruchus maculatus and Tribolium confusum after 24 hours, was 67.71 and 1131.16 μl/l air in respect.
Conclusion: The power of fumigant toxicity of essential oil extracted from Clary Sage, is considerable specially against Callosobruchus maculatus in comparision with conventional chemical insecticides and other botanical compounds. Thus, cultivating mass amounts of this plant and use of the oil is likely being a suitable substitute for chemical pesticides in the future.
Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR
Journal of Medicinal Plants
2717-204X
10
39
2011
11
1
Effect of Salicylic Acid on Photosynthetic Activity and Performance Flowers Borage Plant (Borago officinalis)
34
41
OTHER
F
Shekari
Department of Agronomy and Plant breeding. Faculty of Agricalture, Zanjan University, Zanjan, Iran
R
Baljani
Department of Agronomy and Plant breeding. Faculty of Agriculture, Zanjan University, Zanjan, Iran
J
Saba
Department of Agronomy and Plant breeding. Faculty of Agricalture, Zanjan University, Zanjan, Iran
F
Shekari
Department of Agronomy and Plant breeding. Faculty of Agricalture, Maraghe University, Maraghe, Iran
E
Zangani
Department of Agronomy and Plant breeding. Faculty of Agricalture, Zanjan University, Zanjan, Iran
Background: Medical plants production, including borago, is for maximum productivity from their effective ingredients’. Flowers, leaves and seed oil are medical parts of borago. Unfortunately, because of little breeding and domestication programs in medical plants, including borago, their establishments are usually slow. One of the effective techniques for solving this problem is seed priming. Salicylic acid is a plant hormone which improves growth and yield under different environmental conditions.
Objective: This experiment was done for founding the best method and concentration on photosynthetic properties of borago.
Methods: For studding the effect of salicylic acid on some photosynthetic properties of borage plants (stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, internal CO2 concentration, carboxylation efficiency and chlorophyll index) an experiment was done in randomized complete design with three replications. Treatments include borago seeds priming by four concentrations of salicylic acid (500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 µM), plants spraying in two stages with four concentrations of salicylic acid (500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 µM), priming seeds with distilled water (hydropriming) and dry or control seeds.
Results and Conclusion: Results showed that priming with salicylic acid and especially spraying with salicylic acid in 1500 µM had significant effect on photosynthesis and photosynthetic indexes, and finally increased flowers dry weight. The most photosynthetic activity, stomata conductance, transpiration rate, carboxylation efficiency, the lowest internal CO2 concentration were found in spraying with 1500 and priming with 500 µM SA. In addition, the highest chlorophyll index was found in spraying with 2000 µM and priming by 500 µM SA. On the other hand, any treatment by SA had not any significant effects on basic water use efficiency (WUEb). It seems that treating plants by SA by any ways leads to increasing plants performance compared to untreated seed or plants, even hydroprimed seeds.
Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR
Journal of Medicinal Plants
2717-204X
10
39
2011
11
1
The Study of Antibacterial Effects of Cinnamomum zeylanicum Nees. and Cuminum cyminum L. Essential Oil on Morphology of Bacillus cereus with Use of Transmission of Electron Microscopy (TEM)
42
53
OTHER
M
Gholizadeh
Department of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, Karaj, Iran
Z
Mashak
Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, Karaj, Iran
I
Poosti
Department of Anatomy, Factually of specialized veterinary medicine, Islamic Azad University, Science and research campus, Tehran, Iran
B
Moradi
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan Branch, Zanjan, Iran
B
Moradi
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, Karaj, Iran
Background: Bacillus cereus is a spore-forming food-borne pathogen often associated with food products such as meat, vegetables, soup, rice, and milk and other dairy products. 1 - 20 % of total outbreaks of food intoxication in the world are caused by Bacillus cereus. There is an increasing interest in the use of plant-derived antimicrobial compounds as natural preservatives for foods. Such as Cinnamomum zeylanicum Nees. and Cuminum cyminum L. essential oils that growth inhibition mechanism of several pathogen's morphology by them have been reported in various articles by electronic microscopy.
Objective: The objective of this survey was evaluation of antibacterial effects of Cinnamomum zeylanicum Nees. and Cuminum cyminum L. essential oils on Bacillus cereus morphology with use TEM.
Methods: The essential oils of Cinnamomum zeylanicum Nees. and Cuminum cyminum plants were obtained by steam-distillation and analyzed by GC/MS. Then effect of concentration of these essential oils (450 µl/l) on morphology of Bacillus cereus was evaluated with TEM after processing and photographs explanation.
Results: with use of two treatments (Cinnamomum zeylanicum Nees. and Cuminum cyminum L. essential oils) observed abnormality bacterial division, cell deformity and depletion of cell content, release of cytoplasmic constituent. In treatment by Cinnamomum zeylanicum Nees. essentialoil, destruction of bilayer phospholipids membrane and glycopeptides of cell wall and unintegrity was detected. But in Cuminum cyminum L. essential oil treatment observed cytoplasmic coagulation near the envelope of bacterial cell.
Conclusion: The results showed the different mechanism inhibitory effects of the Cinnamomum zeylanicum Nees. and Cuminum cyminum L. essential oils on morphology of Bacillus cereus with TEM.
Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR
Journal of Medicinal Plants
2717-204X
10
39
2011
11
1
Investigation of Antibacterial Effects of Peganum harmala Seed and STRAW Smokes In Vitro
54
62
OTHER
N
Parvin
Nursing Department, Medical Herb Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medicinal Science Shahrekord, Shahrekord, Iran
K
Ashrafi
Celluar and Molecular Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medicinal Science Shahrekord, Shahrekord, Iran
N
Shahinfard
Medical Herb Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medicinal Science Shahrekord, Shahrekord, Iran
Z
Keivani Hafshejani
Shahrekord University of Medicinal Science Shahrekord, Shahrekord, Iran
Background: Encounter with drug resistance and replacment natural treatment is essential. From olden of Iran and specially Chaharmahal and bakhtiari Province medicinal smokes such as donkey dung & Peganum harmala seed used for treatment of many diseases like Infectious diseases. Regarded to lake of scientific research about antimicrobial effects of this smoke this study was done with aim of comparison of antimicrobial property of donkey dung and Peganum harmala seed smokes on different bactrial strains.
Methods: In this interventional study, Esherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus Faecalis and Candida albicans standard strain in suitable medium were cultured. Antibiobiogram blank disks were fumigated separately with Peganum harmala seed smoke, male and female donkey dung and straw smoke then placed on microbial plate with sterile method. After 48 hours incubation in 37 °C, evaluated by measuring the zone of growth inhibition surrounding the disks. Data were analyzed with SPSS 15 and mean statistic exam.
Results: Staphylococcus aureus was sensitive to Peganum harmala seed, male donkey dung and female donkey dung smokes, Esherichia coli to male donkey dung smoke, Pseudomonas aeroginosa to male and female donkey dung smokes and Candida albicans to female donkey dung smoke. In control group Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus Faecalis were resistant against cloxacilllin and Pseudomonas aeroginosa was sensitive only to erythromycin and ciprofloxacin. Results of this study showed that by increasing the time of fumigation in sensitive cases, the antimicrobial effect increases.
Conclusion: According to antimicrobial effects of male and female donkey dung smokes on resistance pathogens such as Pseudomonas aeroginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, necessity of perform expanded research about composition and property of this smokes revealed.
Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR
Journal of Medicinal Plants
2717-204X
10
39
2011
11
1
Comparative Survey on Chemical Composition of the First and the Second Essential Oils of Rosa damascena Mill. in Different Locations in Iran
63
74
OTHER
T
Shamspur
Department of Chemistry, Phytochemistry Groups, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
A
Mostafavi
Department of Chemistry, Phytochemistry Groups, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
Background: Roses have been used since ancient time in rituals, cosmetics, perfumes, medicines and aromatherapy. Turkey, the main rose oil producer in the world, uses R. damascena Mill. for rose oil production.
Objective: In this work a comparative survey on chemical composition of essential oils of Rosa damscena Mill. from different locations of Iran has been proposed in industrial scales.
Methods: Essential oils from Rosa damscena Mill. was obtained by hydrodistillation. The extracts were analyzed by capillary gas chromatography, using flame ionization (GC/FID) and capillary gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS) respectively for detection and identification of the extracted compounds.
Results: According to the results, for roses from Iran, citronellol was the main component with accounting for Kashan 27.6%, Bardsir 41.2%, Mehdyabad 38.4%, and Lalehzar 41.6%. It was compared with other countries such as Turkish 32.0%, Bulgaria 32.0% and India 40.0%.
Conclusion: The results showed that the monoterpene citronellol is the main component of the second essential oils of R. damascene from Iran, which is present in remarkably high amounts in the oil of Kerman and Kashan.
Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR
Journal of Medicinal Plants
2717-204X
10
39
2011
11
1
Survey of Pure Rose Water Extract Effect on Male Mice Reproduction
75
80
OTHER
E
Mehrabi nasab
Fertility & Infertility Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences,
M
Khazaei
Fertility & Infertility Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences
Background: Rosa damascene constitutes showed different properties like antimicrobial, anti asthma and bronchitis, anti depression, and skin protection.
Objective: Survey of effect of rose water extract on male mice reproductive parameter.
Methods: In first part of experiment, adult male mice (Balb/c) 25 - 30 gram were divided into three groups; control, 10 and 20 ml/kg/day rose water. Interaperitoneal injections were done for 7 days and from fifth day, male mice were housed with females. Pregnant female were recognized every morning. In second part of experiment, mice were killed and cauda epididymis were dissected and minced in DMEM/F12 medium. One of rose water doses (5, 10, 50, 100 µlit/ml) added to sperm sample and their motion were assessed. Data were analyzed by one way ANOVA and p<0.05 were considered significant.
Results: There is no significant difference in fertilization rate between control and case groups in first experiment, mating rate decreased in cases groups. In second experiment, rose water decreased progressive motion of sperm significantly and changed sperm morphology.
Conclusion: Rose water exerts negative effect on sperm motion and morphology and decrease fertilization rate.
Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR
Journal of Medicinal Plants
2717-204X
10
39
2011
11
1
Effects of Zataria multiflora Boiss (ZMB) Essential Oil on Treatment of Sub - Clinical Mastitis in Dairy Cow
81
87
OTHER
P
Tajik
Professor, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
MR
Darabi
Veterinary practitioner, Garmsar, Semnan
S
Lotfollah-zadeh
Assistant professor, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
M
Mohammad-sadegh
Assistant professor, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University Garmsar Branch, Garmsar, Iran
Background: Sub-clinical mastitis is an inflammation of mammary glands which is a big economic damage. Treatment of this disease isn’t recommended due to antibiotic residue in milk.
Objective: In this study, clinical efficacy of - Zataria multiflora Boiss essential oil (ZMBeo) in treatment of sub-clinical mastitis was evaluated and other expedients were prepared.
Methods: Thirty Holsteins cows with sub-clinical mastitis were selected in a randomized manner which weighed between 600 - 700 kg. One of the solutions, A and B (one with essential oil and the other without it) was injected into each quarter. Milk quantity & CMT were tested before and after of injections.
Results: Results showed that ZMBeo causes rapid healing of mammary gland and inhibits decrease of milk production.
Conclusion: ZMBeo can be used in treating bovine sub-clinical mastitis
Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR
Journal of Medicinal Plants
2717-204X
10
39
2011
11
1
Investigation of Antifungal Effect of Actinidia chinensis Extract
88
92
OTHER
M
Zokaei
Department of Biology, School of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
M
Lahouti
Department of Biology, School of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
S
Fazaeli
No. 12, Jahad St, Mashhad, Iran
Background: Kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) belongs to the Actinidiaceae family which is a Chinese endemic plant and is cultivated in New Zealand, USA, Spain, France, Greece, Italy, Japan, Iran and Turkey. Kiwifruit includes different varieties such as Hayward, Bruno, Monty, and Abbott. These varieties are different in taste, odor, shape, and chemical compositions. Some antifungal effect for kiwi has been reported.
Objective: In this study antifungal effect of kiwi extract was investigated on Coprinus disseminatus, Mycena galopus and Panus tigrinus.
Methods: Different solutions of kiwi extract at 6 concentrations of 0, 10, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of kiwi extract were tested.
Results: The concentration of 100% of kiwi extract exhibited significant antifungal activity against Coprinus disseminatus, Mycena galopus and Panus tigrinus.
Conclusion: In general, the results obtained in this study prove that kiwi extract inhibits growth of some fungi.
Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR
Journal of Medicinal Plants
2717-204X
10
39
2011
11
1
Investigation on the Effect of Anti - bacterial of the Plant Extract of Perovskia abrotanoides Karel on Number Pathogenic Bacteria and Fungi
93
102
OTHER
A
Mohebbi
Academic Member of Shahre Ghods Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Z
Barati
Ms.c. student in Microbiology of Karaj Azad University, Karaj, Iran
H
Attar
Academic Member of Unit Olom Daroee Azad University, Tehran, Iran
AA
Maasoumi
Academic Member of Research, Institute of Forest and Rangelands, Tehran, Iran
Background: Perovskia abrotanoides is small kind of lamiaceae family that find in iran and some neighboring countries by endemic.
Objective: Because The effect of anti-bacterial and anti-fungal medical plant extract on bacteria and fungi and determine the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) has not been done so present study follow the above aim.
Methodes: In this study by using 80% methanol, plant extract extracted and different concentrations of extract the by using DMSO solvent provided.Then studid the antimicrobial effect of plant extract on number of bacteria and fungi by Agar Dilution Method and compared the determined MIC with Gentamicin for bacteria and Nystatin for fungi.
Results: Results obtained of anti-bacterial effects by Agar Dilution Method showed that the extract has inhibitory effect in 1,2,4 >32 mg/ml concentration for gram negative bacteria, in 0/125 mg/ml concentration for gram positive bacteria.Gentamicin has inhibitory effect in 0/25, 0/125,1mg/ml concentration for gram negative bacteria and in 0/25, 0/125 mg/ml concentration for gram positive bacteria.The desired extract in 1,2,4,8 mg/ml concentration and Nystatin in 0/0625, 0/125, 0/5, 1 mg/ml concentration have inhibitory effect on tested fungi.
Conclusion: Perovskia abrotanoides herbal extract has compounds such as sesquiterpens and monoterpens that couse anti-bacterial and anti-fungal effect on desired pathogens.
Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR
Journal of Medicinal Plants
2717-204X
10
39
2011
11
1
The Study of Antibacterial Activities of Stachys inflata Benth. Extracts on some Staphylococus Species of Human Skin Eruption
103
112
OTHER
O
Ataei Azimi
Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University of Saveh, Saveh, Iran
B
Rashidian Dezfooly
Department of Young Researchers, Islamic Azad University of Saveh, Saveh, Iran
B
Delnavaz Hashemloian
Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University of Saveh, Saveh, Iran
Background: Skin eruption is a disease that it is because of skin necrosis and adolescence and youth depression. The some species of Staphylococcuss are agent of this disease. There isn’t effective drug for curing of this disease. Many of medicinal plants (e.x. Stachys inflata Benth.) have anti- bacterial compounds and they can be used as a drug to cure skin eruption disease.
Objective: This research was done to evaluate the antibacterial effect of Stachys inflate extract.
Methods: In this study, anti-bacterial effect of water, alcoholic, phenolic extracts of Stachys inflate (Labiatae.) on Staphylococcal skin eruption was Investigated. Effect of different concentrations extracts of Stachys inflata leaf, stem and flower was tested by to add in medium culture of Staphylococcuses of skin eruption before autoclaving and bacteria was added in medium culture after autoclaving.
Results: The results showed that some concentration of water extracts of Stachys inflata flower and leaves have strong anti-microbial effects. They deleted complete Staphylococcuses of skin eruption in growth medium.
Conclusion: Anti-bacterial activities of Stachys inflata was analogous with ampiciline, and than some was better.
Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR
Journal of Medicinal Plants
2717-204X
10
39
2011
11
1
The Antimicrobial Activity of Mentha longifolia L. Essential Oil and Lactobacillus casei on Growth of Listeria monocytogenes During the Manufacture, Ripening, and Storage of Iranian white Cheese
112
122
OTHER
R
Mahmoudi
Department of Food Hygiene & Aquatics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
A
Ehsani
Department of Food Hygiene & Aquatics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
H
Tajik
Department of Food Hygiene & Aquatics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
A
Akhondzade Basti
Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Background: Food preservation includes procedures to assure higher level of food safety, hygiene and stability. To achieve this goal, the use of combination biopreservatives, such as Essential oils and Probiotics, has gained increased attention.
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of Mentha longifolia L. esential oil and Lactobacillus casei aginst Listeria monocytogenes in Iranian white cheese.
Methods: The essential oil of this plant was prepared by steam distillation and analyzed by GC/MS method. The inhibitory effect of different concentrations of this essential oil and Lactobacillus casei against Listeria monocytogenes were determined by the method of viable colony count on the selective media in different interval of production and storage of Iranian white cheese.
Results: The results showed that 0.03 and 0.015 % of this essential oil when used in combination with Lactobacillus casei had the highest inhibitory effect on the growth of Listeria monocytogenes, Furthermore, 0.015% of this essential oil combined with Lactobacillus casei had not only inhibitory effect on growth of Listeria monocytogenes but also maintained optimum taste quality of the cheese.
Conclusion: The effects of used concentrations of Mentha longifolia L. essential oil and Lactobacillus casei showed significantly higher antibacterial activity compared to the control and treatments containing essential oil without probiotic bacteria. This reveals inhibitory effect of essential oil of Mentha longifolia L. and Lactobacillus casei against Listeria monocytogenes. It was concluded that lower concentrations of Mentha longifolia L. essential oil could be used for inhibitory activity combined with probiotic bacteria.
Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR
Journal of Medicinal Plants
2717-204X
10
39
2011
11
1
Protective Effect and Mechanism of Aqueous Extract of Cerasus avium L. in Rats with Parkinson's Disease
124
135
OTHER
M
Rezaii
Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khoramabad, Iran
S
Nasri
Biology Department, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran
SA
Ziaii
Pharmacology Department, School of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
M
Roghani
Physiology Department, School of Pharmacy, Shahed University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
M
Kamalinejad
Physiology Department, School of Pharmacy, Shahed University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD.) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders. There are many documents about the effects of oxidative stress on PD. progress. Angiotensin II activates NADPH depending on oxidases and these oxidases produce superoxides. Cerasus avium extract is an angiotensin converting enzyme )ACE( inhibitor in Invitro.
Objective: Evaluation of neuroprotective effect of aqueous extract of Cerasus avium L. in Parkinson',s models of rats .
Methods: Male rats were divided in 4 groups: sham, neurotoxin (6-hydroxydopamine ), Cerasus avium aqueous extract and captopril. Cerasus avium and captopril were injected i.p. 7 days before and 3 days after 6-hydroxydopamine injection. Muscle stiffness, apomorphine test, histology test, protein oxidation and lipid peroxidation in brain and dopamine neurons density in substantia nigra tissue as well as serum and brain ACE activity were assayed in all groups.
Results: Rotation test with apomorphine in Cerasus avium group was significantly lower than neurotoxin group (p=0.002). Lipid peroxidation in captopril group was significantly lower than neurotoxin group (p=0.033) Cerasus avium inhibited serum ACE activity. Number of neurons in Cerasus avium group (99.1 ± 9.1) were significantly more than neurotoxin group (56.2±9.8).
Conclusion: Aqueous extract of Cerasus avium can be useful in treatment of Parkinson’s disease because of ACE inhibitor effects.
Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR
Journal of Medicinal Plants
2717-204X
10
39
2011
11
1
Study of Intravenous Injection of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Crataegus oxycantha on Lung and Aorta Arteries Echocardiography in Healthy Horses
135
141
OTHER
E
Torki
Department Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
MR
Mokhber Dezfouli
Department Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
A
Hadjiakhoondi
Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AR
Vajhi
Department Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
HA
Akbarin
Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Z
Nazem Boukaei
Faculty of Biological Science, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
Background: Reduced productivity due to cardiovascular disease in horses known as the third. Today, a number of drugs with different properties for the treatment of cardiovascular disease in horses which used when considering the need for newer drugs and their side effects are felt. Numerous studies on the effects of cardiovascular drugs and their effects have been carried out to examine the effects of echocardiography is used frequently. One of the most important medicinal plants is Crataegus oxycantha that has various properties such as antihypertensive, anti-arrhythmic and vasodilatory effects for it and other Crataegus species are considered.
Methods: In this study of 14 healthy head of race TARVBORD with age range from 9 to 15 years and weighing 340 kg up to 420 kg were used. Horses were divided in to two equal groups and treated. The amount of extract-treated group and control group, normal saline with the same volume of 2 mg/kg for 6 weeks, to bead ministered intravenously. The two-dimensional echocardiography to measure changes in lung arteries and the aorta was used.
Results: The size of PA, PAS and AO after injection treatment group than the control group showed significant increases in both groups were followed.
Conclusion: According to the results of research Crataegus oxycantha in horses has properties of vascular dilation and reduced their blood pressure, which can be in reducing cardiac after load, decreased blood pressure and swelling of lung tissue toxin used sheets.
Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR
Journal of Medicinal Plants
2717-204X
10
39
2011
11
1
Study of Quality and Quantity Asperula glomerata Essential Oil from Two Alborz Areas
142
147
OTHER
A
Kohandel
Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture & Research (IACECR), Tehran, Iran
S
Ghasemi
M.Sc. graduated range management Islamic Azad University Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
SA
Javadi
Department of range management Islamic Azad University Science and research branch, Tehran, Iran
R
Hajiaghaee
Department of Pharmacognosy & Pharmacy, Institute of Medicinal plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran
Asperula glomerata, the plants belonging to value and range are protein classes in a three stage, active vegetative growth, flowering and seed respectively, is equal to 9/9, 10/1, 9/6. This plant also aspects of soil conservation are also important. In the treatment of diseases such as lowering blood pressure is use to reduce inflammation.
Asperula glomerata in 1389 in two stage, active vegetative growth and seed and two- week high in 1500-1700& >1900 m from the area Halejerd were collected. Aerial plant, including leaves, stems, flowers and seeds for three hours using distilled water extracts were measured with the device and aromatic compounds chromatograph device connected to the gas chromatography mass spectrometers were identified.
This spuds aimed to determine the major compounds in the plant area was Halejerd.
375 total combined height of 1600m active growing phase, composition number 309 in the active growth phase height of 1900m, 372-phase composition and 270 combine the seed stage the height of 1600& 1900m week were identified. Rough extract total mass slurs and Alkan, fatty acid, steroid and was mono terpen. Oil compound in various stages of growth and height classes were different.
Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR
Journal of Medicinal Plants
2717-204X
10
39
2011
11
1
Evaluating the Anti-leech Activity of Methanolic Extract of Matricaria chamomilla L at Compared with Ivermectin, Mebendasole, Praziquantel, Rafoxanide, Febantel and Albendasole
151
157
OTHER
M
Bahmanni
Young Researchers Club, Dehloran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Dehloran, Iran
MR
Mokhber Dezfouli
Department Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Z
Eftekhari
Department Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
A
Mohsenzadeghan
Department Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Z
Nazem Boukaei
Faculty of Biological Science, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
Background: More than 650 types of leech have been recognized in the world that 50 types of these nutrition of blood mammals. So far in the different Nations Pharmacopeia not registered drug for treatment of complications with leech in the world .Chamomile is one of the most widely used and well-documented medicinal plants in the world which used for treatment of anti -spasmodic ,anti-inflammatory and alleviated pain.
Objective: This experimental study prepared methanolic extract of Matricaria chamomilla L and selected several chemical drugs such as Febantel, Mebendazole, Rafoxanide, Praziquantel and Ivermectin and studied comparison effects on leech species of limnatis. nilotica.
Methods: In this experimental study, 80 number leech species of limnatis nilotica were collected and transfered in glass container which contains 600 ml of spring water placed a number of leech and were accurately recorded paralysis and death from time adding the drugs for 720 minutes.
Results: The results showed that the Mebendazole, Praziquantel and Rafoxanid could not dead the leech but Febantel with dose of 100 mg with mean time of 440.44 minutes was killed the leeches. Ivermectine had the best effect on leech and methanolic extract of Matricaria chamomilla L (600b mg/ml) could kill the leaches in the average time of 232.22 min (1+) which recommended use in cases of contamination with leech species limnatis nilotica. Results of this study showed that Ivermectine, Albendasole and methanolic extract of Matricaria chamomilla L recommended use in cases of contamination with leech species limnatis nilotica while lack of effect on leech drugs such as Mebendazole, Praziquantel, Rafoxanid and Febantel because of low effect not recommended.
Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR
Journal of Medicinal Plants
2717-204X
10
39
2011
11
1
Inhibitory Effect of Hydroalcoholic Extracts of Caltrop (Tribulus terrestris L.) on Germination and Growth of Avena fatua L., Chenopodium album L., Setaria viridis L. and Amaranthus retroflexus L.
155
165
OTHER
M
Rabiee
Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran
M
Makkizadeh Tafti
Research Institute of Forest and Rangelands, RIFR, Tehran, Iran
H
Naghdi Badi
Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran
Background: The use of allelopathic plant extracts as herbicide is being popularized in recent years.
Objective: This research has been conducted to evaluate the allelopathic potential of caltrop (Tribulus terrestris L.) on seed germination and growth of Avena fatua L., Chenopodium album L., Setaria viridis L. and Amaranthus retroflexus L.
Methods: This research was done to evalature the effect of caltrop on seed germination and growth of Avena fatua L., Chenopodium album L., Setaria viridis L. and Amaranthus retroflexus L. in the based of completely randomized design (CRD). The treatments were 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2.5 and 5% extract of caltrop and distilled water (control).
Results: The results indicated that the different concentrations of caltrop extracts significantly inhibited the seed germination and seedling growth of weed species and the degree of inhibition increased with increasing concentration of extracts. The Laboratory results indicated that germination percentage and radical and plumule lengths of weed species were significantly reduced by the extracts in comparison with control. According to the results of greenhouse experiments, germination percentage, fresh and dry weight and height of weed species significantly reduced by using hydroalcoholic extracts. The greenhouse results confirmed that germination of Amaranthus retroflexus, Chenopodium album, Setaria viridis and Avena fatua seeds at 1% concentration reduced 64%, 84%, 43% and 85%, respectively in comparison with control.
Conclusion: Therefore, extract of T. terrestris might be useful as natural herbicides and might contain numerous growth inhibitors that could be used for the development of biological herbicides.
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