@article{ author = {FallahHuseini, H and Zahmatkash, M and Haghighi, M}, title = {A Review on Pharmacological Effects of Curcuma longa L. (Turmeric)}, abstract ={Background: Turmeric has a long history for food additive and medicinal uses. In Asian traditional medical systems turmeric has been expected to be a therapeutic or preventive agent for several human diseases including: gastrointestinal symptoms, liver disease, kidney stone, rheumatic and menstrual disorders. Due to its current uses as well as its pharmacological effects further information needs for future clinical studies. Objective: The aim of this review was to provide an update overview of research studies focused on the pharmacological effects of turmeric and its active component curcumin. Methods: A computerized search of published articles was performed using the electronic database such as MEDLINE from 1980 to 2009. Results: The large numbers of articles published on pharmacological effects of turmeric over recent three decade. Turmeric and its active component curcumin exert several pharmacological effects including anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-cancer, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and immunomudulator as observed in experimental and some clinical studies. Conclusion: The present scientific-based evidence provide good information about pharmacological effects of turmeric. These information may be useful to researcher for induction of clinical trial for this herbal medicine in treatment of traditionally recognized application such as cancer, liver, gastrointestinal and cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes.}, Keywords = {<,i>,Curcuma longa<,/i>,, Curcumin, Traditional medicine, Herbal medicine}, volume = {9}, Number = {33}, pages = {1-15}, publisher = {Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR}, url = {http://jmp.ir/article-1-306-en.html}, eprint = {http://jmp.ir/article-1-306-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Medicinal Plants}, issn = {2717-204X}, eissn = {2717-2058}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {Saeidnia, S and Dasian, Z and Hadjiakhoondi, A}, title = {Herbal Medicines and Pediatric Diseases}, abstract ={Although, medicinal Plants and herbal remedies have an important usage in the treatment of several diseases, the potential herbal contributions to pediatric medicine is receiving much attention based on WHO definitions. Children have special needs and nature abounds in special plants that address these needs. The herbalist will always select remedies that have a tonic action as the core of herbal prescriptions for children. The healing capacity of children can be quite incredible and often all that is needed is a gentle herbal helping hand, rather than the stronger effects necessitate for adults. It is important to find the right balance between the appropriate use of drugs and herbs. There are times when antibiotics or surgery can be life saving. Similarly there are times when using the powerful tools of modern medicine is excessive and the desired results can be achieved using herbal medicine.}, Keywords = {Pediatric diseases, Medicinal Plants, Fever, Colic, Cold}, volume = {9}, Number = {33}, pages = {16-25}, publisher = {Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR}, url = {http://jmp.ir/article-1-307-en.html}, eprint = {http://jmp.ir/article-1-307-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Medicinal Plants}, issn = {2717-204X}, eissn = {2717-2058}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {Ebrahimi, A and Khayami, M and Nejati, V}, title = {Evaluation of the Antibacterial Activity of Quercus persica Jaub & Spach Fruit’s Hidroalcoholic Extract in Disc Diffusion Method}, abstract ={Background: As a result of indiscriminate use of antimicrobial drugs in the treatment of infectious diseases, microorganisms have developed resisrtance to many antibiotics and there is a need to develop antimicrobial drugs. One approach is use of local medicinal plants which represent a rich source of novel antimicrobial agents. Objective: Due to rapid increase of antibiotics resistance, fewer side effects of chemical drugs, antibacterial properties of oaks and other reasons, this study was carried out. Methods: In this study the antibacterial activity of hidroalcoholic extract of oak fruit was evaluated and compared with some in - use antibiotics. Milled oak fruit that their hull was separated was extracted with water+ethanol in Soxhleťs apparatus .The effect of extract in three concentration (25, 50, 75 mg/ml) were tested using agar diffusion method on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Staphylococcus epidermidis RTCC 1898 and Escherichia coli O157: H7. Results: Results showed that the effect of the extract on bacteria was concentration-dependent. In compared with antibiotics, the effect of 75 mg/ml concentration of extract on S. aureus was similar to GM, lesser than K and higher than TOB. Also this concentration of extract had a similar effect to K, higher than GM and lesser than TOB on S. epidermidis. This effect on E. coli was lesser than GM and K, but in compared with TOB was higher. Conclusion: results show that Quercus persica J. & Sp. possesses compounds with antibacterial properties.}, Keywords = {<,i>,Quercus persica<,/i>, Jaub &,, Spach, Antibacterial, Extract, Disc diffusion, Soxhlet}, volume = {9}, Number = {33}, pages = {26-34}, publisher = {Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR}, url = {http://jmp.ir/article-1-308-en.html}, eprint = {http://jmp.ir/article-1-308-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Medicinal Plants}, issn = {2717-204X}, eissn = {2717-2058}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {Golabi, S and Hassanpour-Ezatti, M and Azhdari, H and Rohampour, K and Radjabian, T and EkhteraieTousi, S}, title = {Anti-nociceptive Activity of Regenerated Drosera spatulata Aqueous Extract by Rat Formalin Test}, abstract ={Background: The use of regenerated plants provides a new era in herbal medicine production. Objective: In this study, the analgesic effect of aqueous extracts from aerial part of regenerated Drosera spatulata (Droseraceae) was examined on Sprague Dawley rats by formalin test. Methods: The D. spatulata cultured on hormone-free solid Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 3% (w/v) sucrose and 0.7% (w/v) agar for 3 months. The aqueous extract prepared from aerial part of regenerated plant. Results: The extract (0.05 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly (p<0.05) and in a dose-dependent (0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1 mg/kg, i.p.) manner reduced rat flinching responses. Sodium salicylate (300 mg/kg) was used as a positive control. Sodium salicylate (300 mg/kg, i.p.) and extract (0.05 mg/kg, i.p.) alleviated rats nociception in the second phases, while in the first phase, only the extract caused an anti-nociceptive effect (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results suggested that analgesic effect of D. Spatulata extract may be dependent on central and peripheral analgesic mechanisms. Our results indicate analgesic effect of regenerated plant extract was effective as sodium salicylate effective dose.}, Keywords = {<,i>,Drosera spatulata<,/i>,, Anti-nociceptive, Formalin test}, volume = {9}, Number = {33}, pages = {35-40}, publisher = {Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR}, url = {http://jmp.ir/article-1-309-en.html}, eprint = {http://jmp.ir/article-1-309-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Medicinal Plants}, issn = {2717-204X}, eissn = {2717-2058}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {Tahsini, L and Heydari, R and Ilkhanipoor, M and Zare, S and Nejati, V}, title = {The Survey of Administration of Cherries Ethanolic Extract on the Serum Levels of Lipids of Diabetic Rats}, abstract ={Background: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder in the endocrine system resulting from a defect in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. It is the most common endocrine disorder and by the year 2010, it is estimated that more than 200 million people worldwide will have DM and 300 million will subsequently have the disease by 2025. Tart cherry (Rosaceae) are packed with powerful plant pigments called anthocyanins – which give cherries their dark red color - and it’s these compounds one of richest antioxidant sources, lower blood sugar and insulin levels. Adding cherries to the diet also lower the animals’ total cholesterol levels and triglycerides. Objective: The present study was designed to investigate the effect of Cherries Ethanolic Extract on the Serum Levels of Lipids on Alloxan induced diabetic rats. Methods: In this study 36 Male Wistar rats, body weight of 150 – 200 gr were divided into 6 groups. Diabetes was induced by intra peritoneal injection of 120 mg/kg Alloxan. The duration of the cherries treatment was 30 days. Results: Treatment with extracts of cherries resulted in a significant reduction in triglyceride, LDL, as well as increase in HDL level. Conclusion: Extracts from this plant useful in controlling blood lipids levels. Cherries appear to aid in diabetes control and in reducing the complications of disease.}, Keywords = {Diabetes mellitus, Cherries, Blood lipids, Diabetic Rats}, volume = {9}, Number = {33}, pages = {41-48}, publisher = {Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR}, url = {http://jmp.ir/article-1-310-en.html}, eprint = {http://jmp.ir/article-1-310-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Medicinal Plants}, issn = {2717-204X}, eissn = {2717-2058}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {Khaki, A and Farnam, A and Ahmadi-AshtianiHR, and RezazadehSh, and RastgarH, and Eftekharzadeh, S and Aghamohamadi, R and Abiri, N}, title = {Treatment Effect of Onion on Sexual Behavior after Induces an Antiepileptic Drug (Lamotrigine) in Male Rat}, abstract ={Background: The medicinal use of onion dates back to ancient China and India. Men with epilepsy have reduced fertility, and antiepileptic drugs may affect semen quality. Disturbances of reproductive endocrine hormones are more often found in men with epilepsy than in the general population. There is an ongoing debate whether this can be attributed to chronic use of antiepileptic drugs or to the epilepsy itself. Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the beneficial degree of sexual behavior in male rats after inducement onion in lamotrigine receiving groups. Methods: Forty wistar rats, randomized into four groups (n = 10), were used for this study, five of them male and five of them female. Animals in Group A served as the control and was drinking distilled water. Animals in Groups B: treated with 3cc/rat of onion juice, in Groups C: received10mg/kg/day lamotrigine, in Groups D: received10mg/kg/day lamotrigine plus 3cc/rat of onion juice. In All treatments were for 5 weeks. 48 hours before end of study estradiol benzoate (25 micro gr/kg/day, s.c.) and 6 hours before end of study progesterone 0.3muM were injected. Results: Results showed the percentage of erections and couplings and serum testosterone in onion treated groups were significantly increased (p<0/01) when compared to other groups. onion and its constituents are stated to has antioxidant. Enhanced oxidative stress and changes in antioxidant capacity are considered to play an important role in the pathogenesis in diseases. Conclusion: These findings lead to the conclusion that onion significantly lowered the adverse effects of lamotrigine, and can do beneficial effect on sexual behavior in male rat.}, Keywords = {Antiepileptic, Lamotrigine, Onion, Sexual behavior}, volume = {9}, Number = {33}, pages = {49-57}, publisher = {Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR}, url = {http://jmp.ir/article-1-311-en.html}, eprint = {http://jmp.ir/article-1-311-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Medicinal Plants}, issn = {2717-204X}, eissn = {2717-2058}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {Yadegar, A and Sattari, M and Bigdeli, M and Bakhtiari, F}, title = {Evaluation and Comparison of Antibacterial Effects of Alcoholic Extracts of Zataria multiflora Boiss Leaves, Flowers and Root on Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus}, abstract ={Background: Due to increasing drug resistance among pathogenic bacteria toward current and new generation antibiotics, researchers have been investigating to find herbal antimicrobial agents as alternative medicines. Objectives: In this study, the inhibitory effects of alcoholic extract of Zataria multiflora Boiss leaves, flowers and root on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was evaluated and compared. Methods: 50 grams of dried thyme leaves, flowers and root were added to 250 ml hydroethanol separately, and were then distilled. The antibacterial properties of the extracts were assessed by Broth Dilution Method and after determining dried weights of the extracts per ml, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of them were obtained. Finally, by using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), effective compounds of the extracts were detected. Results: Thyme leaves alcoholic extract at 3/031 mg/ml and 6/062 mg/ml concentration, flowers alcoholic extract at 5/687 mg/ml and 11/375 mg/ml concentration and root alcoholic extract at 5/437 mg/ml and 10/875 mg/ml concentration, in order, were able to inhibit and kill all the strains and no difference were observed between them. Analysis of the chromatograms showed that thymol and carvacrol are the main compounds of this herb. Conclusion: However clinical application of herbal extracts and oils sounds valuable because of their less side effects in comparison with current drugs, in order to clinically use thyme alcoholic extracts, further investigations must be done in clarifying the mechanism of action of its effective compounds on microbial agents.}, Keywords = {<,i>,Zataria multiflora<,/i>, Boiss, Methicillin-Resistant <,i>,Staphylococcus aureus<,/i>,, Alcoholi extract, Antibacterial effects}, volume = {9}, Number = {33}, pages = {58-65}, publisher = {Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR}, url = {http://jmp.ir/article-1-312-en.html}, eprint = {http://jmp.ir/article-1-312-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Medicinal Plants}, issn = {2717-204X}, eissn = {2717-2058}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {Sepehrifar, R and Hasanloo, T}, title = {Polyphenolics, Flavonoids and Anthocyanins Content and Antioxidant Activity of Qare-Qat (Vaccinium arctostaphylos L.) from Different Areas of Iran}, abstract ={Background: Vaccinium arctostaphylos L. (Ericaceae family), locally named Qare - Qat is a shurb or woody bush which has been extensively used in Iranian folk medicine as antidiabetic and antihypertensitive agents for many years. Phenolics found in leaves and fruits of the plant are a specific group of secondary metabolites that plays an important role of antioxidant activity. Objective: Comparative study of phenolics, anthocyanins and flavonoids contents in V. arctostaphylos methanolic extracts and evaluation of antioxidant activities. Methods: Leaves and fruits of V. arctostaphylos have been collected from the high altitude areas of Ardabil (Hoor), Gilan (Masouleh and Asalem) and Mazandaran (Kelardasht) provinces in August 2007 and stored at -80°C until metabolites analysis. Then extraction was carried out with acidified methanol and the mixture was used for antioxidant activity and phenolics content assays by UV- Vis spectrophotometer. Results: The data indicated that fruits of Kelardasht genotype had the highest total phenolics content as gallic acid (42.73 ± 1.5 mg g-1 DW), anthocyanin content as cyaniding-3- glucoside (1.0± 0.07 mg g-1) and antioxidant activity (DPPH assay) of fruits of Kelardasht (IC50: 0.14 ± 0.07 mg ml-1) were highest in comparison to other genotypes. Leaves of Masouleh genotype had the highest flavonoid content as quercetin (2.9 ± 0.07 mg g-1 DW). Conclusion: It could be concluded that the leaves and fruits of V. arctostaphylos have high amount of phenolics and antioxidant activity. Therefore, this plant can be a potential source of antioxidant compounds for food and pharmaceutical industry.}, Keywords = {Anthocyanins, Antioxidant activity, Flavonoid, Polyphenols, <,i>,Vaccinium arctostaphylos<,/i>, L. (Qare-Qat)}, volume = {9}, Number = {33}, pages = {66-74}, publisher = {Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR}, url = {http://jmp.ir/article-1-313-en.html}, eprint = {http://jmp.ir/article-1-313-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Medicinal Plants}, issn = {2717-204X}, eissn = {2717-2058}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {Kazemizadeh, Z and Habibi, Z and Yousefzadi, M and Ashabi, MA and Heidari-Rikan, M}, title = {Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of the Essential Oil of Salvia macrochlamys Boiss. & Kotschy, from West Azarbayjan Province}, abstract ={Background: In the Flora Iranica this genus is represented by fifthy-eight species, seventheen of which are endemic. The genus Salvia are known for medicinal value, antibacterial and antioxidant properties. Objective: Investigation on essential oil of Salvia macrochlamys and antibacterial activity assessment. Methods: The aerial parts of S. macrochlamys were collected during the flowering stage from Marmishuo Hill in West-Azarbayjan Province, in July 2006 and were hydrodistilled for 3 hours, using a Clevenger-type apparatus to yield 0.35% (w/w) of yellowish oil and analyzed with GC and GC/MS. The constituents of the essential oil were identified by comparison of their mass spectra and retention indices (RI) with those given in the literature and authentic samples. Antibacterial activities of the essential oil were investigated according to the disc diffusion method and MIC value. Results: Thirty-four compounds were characterized in the essential oil of S. macrochlamys, representing 97.6% of the oil, of which β-Caryophyllene (32.7%), 1,8-Cineol (18.9%), were found to be the major components. The oil of S. macrochlamys showed high antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Conclusion: The oil of S. macrochlamys consists of monoterpen (44.4%) and sequiterpens (52.0%). The antibacterial avtivity can be attributed to 1,8-Cineol.}, Keywords = {<,i>,Salvia macrochlamys<,/i>,, Volatile Constituents, GC/MS, Antibacterial}, volume = {9}, Number = {33}, pages = {75-82}, publisher = {Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR}, url = {http://jmp.ir/article-1-314-en.html}, eprint = {http://jmp.ir/article-1-314-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Medicinal Plants}, issn = {2717-204X}, eissn = {2717-2058}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {Rezvani, S}, title = {Investigation and Comparison of Juniperus polycarpos & Juniperus communis Essential Oil from Golestan Province}, abstract ={Background: Juniperus polycarpos L. and Juniperus communis L. are two of the most important conifers in Iran and tolerant trees against cold and drought stresses which have noticeable important in mountainous areas in Iran. In this study, the essential been tried to compare quantities and qualities characteristics of oil and efficacious materials of their female cone together has been studied. Objective: This research is trying to quantitative and qualitative characteristics of essential oil active ingredients and compares them with material cones and evaluate. Methods: In order to analysis of essentials oil, female cones were detected after distillation by GC-MS. Results: The results indicated that efficacious materials of these plants were different, significantly. Conclusions: In J. polycarpos 30 compounds were detected that the most important of the 4-terpine ol (17.72%), limonene (9.53%), sabinene (8.58%), γ-terpinene (8.10%) and δ-cadinene (7.13%) 27 compounds were identified in J. communis that the most important of them were α-pinene (46.63%), α-cedrol (12.36%), β-pinene (4.64%), 4-terpineol (2.86%) and α-terpinolen (2.45%), respectively.}, Keywords = {<,i>,Juniperus polycarpos<,/i>,, <,i>,Juniperus communis<,/i>,, Essential oil, GC/MS}, volume = {9}, Number = {33}, pages = {83-89}, publisher = {Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR}, url = {http://jmp.ir/article-1-315-en.html}, eprint = {http://jmp.ir/article-1-315-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Medicinal Plants}, issn = {2717-204X}, eissn = {2717-2058}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {Niazmand, S and NeamatiKarimui, H and Sparhem, M}, title = {The Effects of Aqueous - ethanol Extract of Teucrium polium L. on Rabbit’s Blood Pressure, Heart Rate and Intraventricular Pressure}, abstract ={Background: Teucrium podium L. is belong to the Labiatae family which is uesed for medical porpose. There are several reports about the antidiabetic, antispasmodic, antibacterial and blood lipid and pressure lowering properties of Teucrium podium L. Objective: The aim of this study is investigating the effects of aqueous-ethanol extract of arial part of Teucrium polium on rabbit’s mean arteial blood pressure, heart rate and intraventricular pressure in vivo. Methods: Twenty four New Zealand White rabbits weighed (2-3 kg) were randomly divided into four groups. Animals were anesthetized by sodium thiopental (50 mg/kg, ip) and after teracheostomy, jugular vein and carotid artery were cannulated. The extract doses(20, 40 and 80 mg/kg) were injected via jugular vein and blood pressure, heart rate and intraventricular pressure were measured by pressure transducer which was connected to power lab. The data was expressed as Mean±SEM, and p<0.05 was considered significant. Results: The extract reduced blood pressure but it was not significant. The extract had no effect on heart rate. The extract increased Max dp/dt, maximum left ventricular pressure (LVPmax) and decreased Min dp/dt significantly but had no effect on minimum left ventricular pressure (LVPmin). Conclusion: The results show the extract has a positive inotropic effect on the heart. The extract reduces blood pressure but this effect is counter balance by the inotropic effect of the extract. The extract has no effect on the heart rate.}, Keywords = {<,i>,Teucrium polium<,/i>, L., Blood pressure, Heart rate, Intraventricular pressure, Rabbit}, volume = {9}, Number = {33}, pages = {90-97}, publisher = {Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR}, url = {http://jmp.ir/article-1-316-en.html}, eprint = {http://jmp.ir/article-1-316-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Medicinal Plants}, issn = {2717-204X}, eissn = {2717-2058}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {Parsaeimehr, M and AkhondzadeBasti, A and Misaghi, A and ZahraeiSalehi, T and Radmehr, B and GandomiNasrabadi, H}, title = {Effect of Zataria multiflora Boiss. Essential Oil on Enterotoxin Production by Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538}, abstract ={Background: Staphylococcal food poisoning does not result from the ingestion of S. aureus per se, but rather from enterotoxins which are pre-formed within the food. There is no report on effect of Zataria multiflora Boiss. essential oil on enterotoxin production by this microorganism. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of Zataria multiflora Boiss. essential oil on enterotoxin production by S. aureus. Methods: This study was done as a factorial model using different concentrations of EO (0, 0.005, 0.015 and 0.03%).The bacterial growth was evaluated during 43 days of incubation and enterotoxin production was analyzed using a enterotoxin assay kit. Results: The growth of the organism was completely inhibited by the EO = 0.03%. Enterotoxin production was not affected by sub-inhibitory concentration of EO at level of 0.005%, while it was significantly (p < 0.05) inhibited by increasing subinhibitory concentration of EO to 0.015%. Conclusion: The adverse effect of sub-inhibitory concentration of Zataria multiflora Boiss. EO on enterotoxin production by S. aureus, demonstrated in this study, suggests the potential application of this EO as a natural antimicrobial in foods.}, Keywords = {<,i>,Zataria multiflora<,/i>, Boiss, <,i>,Staphylococcus aureus<,/i>,, Enterotoxin}, volume = {9}, Number = {33}, pages = {98-102}, publisher = {Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR}, url = {http://jmp.ir/article-1-317-en.html}, eprint = {http://jmp.ir/article-1-317-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Medicinal Plants}, issn = {2717-204X}, eissn = {2717-2058}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {Hosseini, H and Handali, S and Parishani, MR and Ghezelbash, GH.R and Ameri, A}, title = {A Comparative Study of Antibacterial Effects of Aqueous Extract of Oxalis corniculata L. with Antibacterial Effects of Common Atibiotics in Staphylococcus aureous and E. coli Infections}, abstract ={Background: The pathogenic of gram positive Staphylococcus aureous and gram negative E. coli are the most important infectious factors for human. Since the bacterial resistance to the chemical medicines has increased and the plant medicines are of less side effects, nowadays the medical plants have been the focus of attention. Objective: In this research antibacterial effects of aqueous extract of Oxalis corniculata L., (Oxalidaceae) were evaluated on Staphylococcus aureous and E.coli species. Methods: The disc diffusion method was used in this study due to it's simple, short time procedure and reliability. After preparation of aqueous extract, it's antibacterial effects were assessed at 5, 10, 15 and 20 percent (50μL) concentrations. Next, the obtained results were compared with antimicrobial effects of common antibiotics on S. aureous and E. coli. Results: The resullys showed that the average of circle diameters made by Oxalis corniculata L. was more than that made by chemical medicines. Increasing the concentration of the extract from 5 to 20 percent, the average of the circle diameters increased. Conclusions: The final results of the research showed that in all cases there was a direct relationship between concentration and circle of inhibition diameter. In the other word, antibacterial effect increased with the increase of extract concentration.}, Keywords = {<,i>,Oxalis corniculata<,/i>,, Antibacterial, <,i>,Staphylococcus aureous<,/i>,, <,i>,E. coli<,/i>,}, volume = {9}, Number = {33}, pages = {103-107}, publisher = {Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR}, url = {http://jmp.ir/article-1-318-en.html}, eprint = {http://jmp.ir/article-1-318-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Medicinal Plants}, issn = {2717-204X}, eissn = {2717-2058}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {Moshafi, MH and Mofidi, A and Mehrabani, M and Mehrabani, M}, title = {Antibacterial Activities of Essential Oil and Composition of Stachys acerosa Boiss.}, abstract ={Background: Stachys acerosa Boiss (Lamiaecae) is an endemic plant of Iran. Objective: Because there is no report about this plant and according to medicinal uses of another species of Stachys, in this investigation, chemical composition and antimicrobial acivity of essential oils of flowering and non flowring tops of S. acerosa were studied and the component with antimicrobial activity was identified. Methods: Flowering and non flowering tops of the plant were collected from Lalehzar (Kerman provience) and after drying their essential oils were obtained by Clevenger apparatus. The oils were analyzed by GC-MS apparatus and retention indices. Antimicrobial activities of essential oils against Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Eshrichia coli, Bacillus subtillis, Kelebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeroginosa were investigated by bioautography method on silica gel GF254 TLC plates developed in toluene: ethyl acetate (93:7). Results: Flowering and non flowering plants yielded 0.09% and 0.11% (v/w) of clear yellowish essential oil and chrysanthenyl acetate and linalool as were major constituents respectively. Most anitimicrobial activities, detected by TLC, showed in Rf=0.5-0.6 in essential oil of non flowering tops and after extraction of this fraction from preparative TLC and GC-MS analysis, it showed that Carvacrol was the major compound. Conclusion: There are reports about antimicrobial activities of other Stachys species, and chrysanthenyl acetate and linalool as major constituents of essential oils in other species of Stachyes.}, Keywords = {<,i>,Stachys acerosa<,/i>, Boiss., Essential oil, Antimicrobial activities}, volume = {9}, Number = {33}, pages = {108-115}, publisher = {Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR}, url = {http://jmp.ir/article-1-319-en.html}, eprint = {http://jmp.ir/article-1-319-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Medicinal Plants}, issn = {2717-204X}, eissn = {2717-2058}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {NaghdiBadi, H and Omidi, H and Shams, H and Kian, Y and DehghaniMashkani, MR and Sahandi, M}, title = {Allelopathic Effects of Harmal (Peganum harmala L.) Aqueous Extract on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Purslan (Portulaca oleracea L.) and Black Weed (Chenopodium album L.)}, abstract ={Background: The study of allelopathic properties of plants is one of up-to-date biological and ecological methods, which can lead to discover the bio-herbicides and growth inhibitors. Objective: In order to study the allelopathic effects of harmal (Peganum harmala L) on seed germination and seedling growth on purslan (Portulaca oleracea L.) and black weed (Chenopodium album L.), these experiments were conducted. Methods: The aqueous extracts of harmal different organs including capsule, leaf, stem and root were applied at five concentration levels (0 as control, 1, 5, 10 and 15%) through a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with three replications. Results: The results showed that different organ extracts had different negative effects on seed germination and seedling growth of the two species in such a way that capsules extracts had the highest inhibitory effect. With increasing extract concentrations of harmal, the seed germination and seedling growth of the two species was reduced significantly. The minimum amount of seed germination and growth of the seedlings were observed at 15% extracts concentration of capsules. Also, purslan seedlings appeared to be more sensitive to harmal extracts than black weed seedlings. Conclusion: The aqueous extracts of harmal different organs had inhibitory effects on seed germination and seedlings growth of purslan and black weed. Also, the highest inhibitory effects were related to capsule extracts.}, Keywords = {Allelopathy, Germination, <,i>,Chenopodium album<,/i>, L., <,i>,Peganum harmala<,/i>, L., <,i>,Portulaca oleracea<,/i>, L.}, volume = {9}, Number = {33}, pages = {116-127}, publisher = {Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR}, url = {http://jmp.ir/article-1-320-en.html}, eprint = {http://jmp.ir/article-1-320-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Medicinal Plants}, issn = {2717-204X}, eissn = {2717-2058}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {Khanavi, M and Norouzi, M and Tabatabaee, H and Noudeh, AS and Safavi, SB and Shafiee, A}, title = {Chemical Compositions and Antiviral Effects of the Essential Oil of Zataria multiflora Boiss. and Origaunum majorana L.}, abstract ={Background: Zataria multiflora Boiss. is considered as an annual plant endemic in south of Iran. Origanum majorana L. is one of the most famous medicinal and nutritional herbs growing in the temperate zones of south Europe. These two have been used as carminative, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, bronchodilator and expectorant in traditional medicine of Iran and European countries. Objective: In the current study, chemical composition and antiviral effect of the essential oil of Z. multiflora and O. majorana are investigated. Methods: Composition of the essential oil samples obtained by hydrodistillation of the aerial parts of Z. multiflora and O. majorana (Lamiaceae) were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Antiviral effect of the oils were investigated on Herpese simplex separately. Results: Twenty-four components in the oil of Z. multiflora with thymol (38%), carvacrol (34.96%) and para-cymene (7.17%) as the major constituents were identified. Twenty-seven components in the oil of O. majorana were recognized, whereas terpinene-4-ol (36.2%), para-cymene (16.3%) and -terpinene (7.31%) were the main components. The concentration of 1/10000 of each oil was added to Hela cells contained with HSV-I. The growth of the organism was not inhibited at this concentration of the oils. Conclusion: In this research 98.62% and 96.72% of the essential oil of Z. multiflora and O. majorana were determined. Both essential oils were characterized by a high amount of oxygenated compounds (85.33% and 60.3% respectively). Where as the concentration more than 1/10000 of the oils were citotoxic for Hela cells, more study and different methods is needed to investigate antiviral effects of these two oils.}, Keywords = {<,i>,Zataria multiflora<,/i>,, <,i>,Origaunum majorana<,/i>,, Antiviral, Essential Oil}, volume = {9}, Number = {33}, pages = {128-137}, publisher = {Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR}, url = {http://jmp.ir/article-1-321-en.html}, eprint = {http://jmp.ir/article-1-321-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Medicinal Plants}, issn = {2717-204X}, eissn = {2717-2058}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {Ahmadi–Ashtiani, HR and Naderi, MM and Bokaii, S and Rastegar, H and Rezazadeh, Sh}, title = {Study of Oral Administrated Silymarin Effects on UV-induced Changes on Albino Guinea Pigs Skin}, abstract ={Background: Studies have shown that Silymarin is one of the infrequent herbal materials which have protective effects against sunburn, non melanoma skin cancer and immunosupression in oral administration. Easiness of use, low cost and availability of Silymarin can propose it for use in many topical sunscreen products. Objectives: Regarding to the skin damages caused by the ultraviolet ray of sun and necessity to use of protective agents against mal effects of this ray, in this study the effects of oral use of Silymarin against effects of UV irradiation was evaluated. Methods: In this study 60 albino guinea pigs were selected and they divided in two equal groups. Animals in the experimental group administered 50 mg/kg Silymarin 20 days before and through the irradiation period orally. Control group received distilled water only. Then each group exposed to 180mj/cm2 UV ray. Finally clinical signs were noted and sampling was done from irradiated skin areas for histopathological evaluation. Results: Histopathological and clinical findings showed that oral administration of Silymarin had protective effects against mal effects of UV irradiation on guinea pig skins. Conclusion: The results of this study can be incentive for introduction and use of this herbal agent in sun ray protective oral products because any topical sunscreen has not perfect protective effects against all UV irradiation spectrums.}, Keywords = {UV irradiation, Oral Silymarin, Pathologic injuries, Guinea pig}, volume = {9}, Number = {33}, pages = {138-148}, publisher = {Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR}, url = {http://jmp.ir/article-1-322-en.html}, eprint = {http://jmp.ir/article-1-322-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Medicinal Plants}, issn = {2717-204X}, eissn = {2717-2058}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {Dehghan, E and Ebadi, MT and NaghdiBadi, H and Shahriari, F and Azizi, M and Asghari, GR}, title = {Review on New Techniques in Tropane Alkaloids Production}, abstract ={Increasing from day to day tendency of human societies to plant based drug usage increased demand of secondary metabolite application. Although artificial production of these compounds greatly progressed, but the only way to achieve these fine medicinal compounds has been to extract them from plant resources. Alkaloid field, although very old, is still in its infancy with regard to being fully understood, and biotechnologically exploited. Up to now, approximately 5000 different alkaloids, in 15% of plants that belong to 150 families, have been recognized, that tropane alkaloids such as hyosyamine, scopolamine, atropine and cocaine, with a broad medical usage are a class of them. Industrial tropane alkaloid production by modern techniques such as cell and tissue culture, somatic hybridization, metabolic engineering and commercial large scale culture, is highly concerned nowadays and in this review, the authors have tried to point out some of the results obtained by application of these techniques.}, Keywords = {Tropane alkaloids, Bioreactors, Cell culture, Hairy root culture, Metabolic engineering}, volume = {9}, Number = {33}, pages = {149-164}, publisher = {Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR}, url = {http://jmp.ir/article-1-323-en.html}, eprint = {http://jmp.ir/article-1-323-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Medicinal Plants}, issn = {2717-204X}, eissn = {2717-2058}, year = {2010} }