TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of Intracerebroventricular Injection of Alcoholic Extract of hawthorn (Crataegus melanocarpa carpa) Leaves on Fear Behavior in Presence Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) in Adult Male Rat TT - اثر تزریق درون بطنی مغزی عصاره اتانولی برگ گیاه زالزالک (Crataegus melanocarpa) در بروز رفتار ناشی از احساس ترس در حضور پنتیلن تترازول در رت نر بالغ JF - jmpir JO - jmpir VL - 11 IS - 44 UR - http://jmp.ir/article-1-134-en.html Y1 - 2012 SP - 202 EP - 211 KW - Crataegus Melanocarpa KW - Pentylenetetrazole KW - Memory and Learning KW - Fear N2 - Background: In traditional medicine “Crataegus melano carpa” is one of the medicinal plants that has many therapeutic effects. One of them is its effect on nerveous system. Objective: Evaluation of Intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of alcoholic extract of “Crataegus melano carpa” leaves on fear behavior in presence pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) in adult male rat. Methods: Animals were divided into 3 groups: experimental, saline and, pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) 20 mg/kg as positive control (I.P). In the experimental group, the animals received 4000 µg/Rat alcoholic extract of “Crataegus melano carpa” leaves (ICV) and PTZ (I.P). Then plus maze was used for evaluation of the fear. Open arm entries percentage (%OAE) and open arm time percentage (%OAT) were evaluated. Results: The results show that intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of alcoholic extract of “Crataegus melano carpa” leaves increased %OAE and %OAT significantly (p<0.05). Conclusion: We concluded that alcoholix extract of “Crataegus melano carpa” is effective on fear reduction in presence pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) in adult male rat. M3 ER -